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Decoder-only large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly adopted to build embedding models for diverse tasks. To overcome the inherent limitations of causal attention in representation learning, many existing methods modify the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ailiang Lin , Zhuoyun Li , Yusong Wang , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

A common practice in large language model (LLM) usage for complex analytical tasks such as code generation, is to sample a solution for the entire task within the model's context window. Previous works have shown that subtask decomposition…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Yotam Wolf , Binyamin Rothberg , Dorin Shteyman , Amnon Shashua

Based on their superior comprehension and reasoning capabilities, Large Language Model (LLM) driven agent frameworks have achieved significant success in numerous complex reasoning tasks. ReAct-like agents can solve various intricate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Guozhi Yuan , Youfeng Liu , Jingli Yang , Wei Jia , Kai Lin , Yansong Gao , Shan He , Zilin Ding , Haitao Li

Flocking is a behavior where multiple agents in a system attempt to stay close to each other while avoiding collision and maintaining a desired formation. This is observed in the natural world and has applications in robotics, including…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Peihan Li , Vishnu Menon , Bhavanaraj Gudiguntla , Daniel Ting , Lifeng Zhou

The rapid development of mobile GUI agents has stimulated growing research interest in long-horizon task automation. However, building agents for these tasks faces a critical bottleneck: the reliance on ever-expanding interaction history…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shizuo Tian , Hao Wen , Yuxuan Chen , Jiacheng Liu , Shanhui Zhao , Guohong Liu , Ju Ren , Yunxin Liu , Yuanchun Li

We address the long-horizon gap in large language model (LLM) agents by enabling them to sustain coherent strategies in adversarial, stochastic environments. Settlers of Catan provides a challenging benchmark: success depends on balancing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Nikolas Belle , Dakota Barnes , Alfonso Amayuelas , Ivan Bercovich , Xin Eric Wang , William Wang

In this paper, we investigate the problem of embodied multi-agent cooperation, where decentralized agents must cooperate given only egocentric views of the world. To effectively plan in this setting, in contrast to learning world dynamics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Hongxin Zhang , Zeyuan Wang , Qiushi Lyu , Zheyuan Zhang , Sunli Chen , Tianmin Shu , Behzad Dariush , Kwonjoon Lee , Yilun Du , Chuang Gan

Large language models (LLMs) serve as an active and promising field of generative artificial intelligence and have demonstrated abilities to perform complex tasks in multiple domains, including mathematical and scientific reasoning. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ao Cheng , Lei Zhang , Guowei He

Reasoning in a complex and ambiguous environment is a key goal for Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents. While some sophisticated RL agents can successfully solve difficult tasks, they require a large amount of training data and often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Ishita Dasgupta , Christine Kaeser-Chen , Kenneth Marino , Arun Ahuja , Sheila Babayan , Felix Hill , Rob Fergus

In this article, we propose a centralized Multi-Agent Learning framework for learning a policy that models the simultaneous behavior of multiple agents that need to coordinate to solve a certain task. Centralized approaches often suffer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ángel Aso-Mollar , Eva Onaindia

In this work, we address challenging multi-agent cooperation problems with decentralized control, raw sensory observations, costly communication, and multi-objective tasks instantiated in various embodied environments. While previous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Hongxin Zhang , Weihua Du , Jiaming Shan , Qinhong Zhou , Yilun Du , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Tianmin Shu , Chuang Gan

Modern process simulators enable detailed process design, simulation, and optimization; however, constructing and interpreting simulations is time-consuming and requires expert knowledge. This limits early exploration by inexperienced…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Jingkang Liang , Niklas Groll , Gürkan Sin

The advancement of natural language processing (NLP) has been significantly boosted by the development of transformer-based large language models (LLMs). These models have revolutionized NLP tasks, particularly in code generation, aiding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Dong Huang , Jie M. Zhang , Michael Luck , Qingwen Bu , Yuhao Qing , Heming Cui

Multi-agent collaboration with Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrates proficiency in basic tasks, yet its efficiency in more complex scenarios remains unexplored. In gaming environments, these agents often face situations without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Zijing Shi , Meng Fang , Shunfeng Zheng , Shilong Deng , Ling Chen , Yali Du

We present Contamination Detection via Context (CoDeC), a practical and accurate method to detect and quantify training data contamination in large language models. CoDeC distinguishes between data memorized during training and data outside…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Michał Zawalski , Meriem Boubdir , Klaudia Bałazy , Besmira Nushi , Pablo Ribalta

Multi-agent systems represent a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, enabling complex problem-solving through coordinated specialized agents. However, these systems face fundamental challenges in context management,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Naveen Krishnan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in code-related tasks. Despite their advancement, empirical evidence reveals that they still struggle with \emph{deductive code reasoning}, the ability to reason about the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jun Gao , Yun Peng , Xiaoxue Ren

Multi-agent techniques such as role playing or multi-turn debates have been shown to be effective in improving the performance of large language models (LLMs) in downstream tasks. Despite their differences in workflows, existing multi-agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Yichen Tang , Weihang Su , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu , Min Zhang , Shaoping Ma , Qingyao Ai

Recent advancements in Large Language Model (LLM)-based frameworks have extended their capabilities to complex real-world applications, such as interactive web navigation. These systems, driven by user commands, navigate web browsers to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Nalin Tiwary , Vardhan Dongre , Sanil Arun Chawla , Ashwin Lamani , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Politicians often have underlying agendas when reacting to events. Arguments in contexts of various events reflect a fairly consistent set of agendas for a given entity. In spite of recent advances in Pretrained Language Models (PLMs),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Rajkumar Pujari , Dan Goldwasser