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We have studied the accreting black hole binary GX 339--4 using two highly accurate broad-band X-ray data sets in very soft spectral states from simultaneous NICER and NuSTAR observations. Joint fitting of both data sets with relativistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-12 Andrzej A. Zdziarski , Srimanta Banerjee , Michal Szanecki , Ranjeev Misra , Gulab Dewangan

We present an analysis of a short NuSTAR observation of the stellar-mass black hole and low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1630$-$472. Reflection from the inner accretion disk is clearly detected for the first time in this source, owing to the…

4U 1630-472 is a recurrent X-ray transient classified as a black-hole candidate from its spectral and timing properties. One of the peculiarities of this source is the presence of regular outbursts with a recurrence period between 600 and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-02 F. Capitanio , R. Campana , G. De Cesare , C. Ferrigno

The emissivity profile assumed in X-ray reflection spectroscopy significantly impacts black hole spin measurements. Using simulated NuSTAR spectra generated for lamppost and disk-like coronae with the relxill model suite, we evaluate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-26 Songcheng Li , Abdurakhmon Nosirov , Cosimo Bambi , Honghui Liu , Zuobin Zhang , Shafqat Riaz

Most of the X-ray binary systems containing neutron stars classified as Atoll sources show two different spectral states, called soft and hard. Moreover, a large number of these systems show a reflection component relativistically smeared…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-09 S. M. Mazzola , R. Iaria , T. Di Salvo , M. Del Santo , A. Sanna , A. F. Gambino , A. Riggio , A. Segreto , L. Burderi , A. Santangelo , N. D'Amico

We have analysed the XMM-Newton spectra of SS 433 using a standard model of adiabatically and radiatively cooling X-ray jets. The multi-temperature thermal jet model reproduces well the strongest observed emission line fluxes. The thermal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-14 A. Medvedev , S. Fabrika

We present an analysis of the relativistic reflection spectra of GX 339-4 during the hard-to-soft transition of its 2021 outburst observed by Insight-HXMT. The strong relativistic reflection signatures in the data suggest a high black hole…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-07 Honghui Liu , Cosimo Bambi , Jiachen Jiang , Javier A. Garcia , Long Ji , Lingda Kong , Xiaoqin Ren , Shu Zhang , Shuangnan Zhang

We extend the investigation of general relativistic effects on the observed X-ray continuum of Kerr black holes in the context of the light bending model (Miniutti & Fabian, 2004). Assuming a ring-like illuminating source, co-rotating with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Suebsuwong , J. Malzac , E. Jourdain , A. Marcowith

X-ray irradiation of the accretion disc leads to strong reflection features, which are then broadened and distorted by relativistic effects. We present a detailed, general relativistic approach to model this irradiation for different…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-12 Thomas Dauser , Javier Garcia , Jörn Wilms , Moritz Böck , Laura W. Brenneman , Maurizio Falanga , Keigo Fukumura , Christopher S. Reynolds

We have calculated the relativistic reflection component of the X-ray spectra of accretion disks in active galactic nuclei (AGN). Our calculations have shown that the spectra can be significantly modified by the motion of the accretion flow…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-11-13 Khee-Gan Lee , Kinwah Wu , Steven V. Fuerst , Graziella Branduardi-Raymont , Oliver Crowley

We present a broadband spectral analysis of the atoll source 4U~1636-536 observed for $\sim92$ ks with \nustar{}. The source was found to be in a low-luminosity state during this observation with $3-79 \kev{}$ X-ray luminosity of $L_{3-79…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-04-21 Aditya S. Mondal , B. Raychaudhuri , G. C. Dewangan

We propose a jet model for the low/hard state of Galactic black-hole X-ray sources that can explain the energy spectra from radio to X-rays. The model assumes that i) there is a magnetic field along the axis of the jet; ii) the electron…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Dimitrios Giannios

X-ray spectral modeling is a powerful tool for studying the immediate environment of accreting objects, including supermassive black holes. Several models, either phenomenological or physically driven, have been developed over the past…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-11 Georgios Dimopoulos , Claudio Ricci , Stéphane Paltani

The nature and geometry of the hard state in black hole binaries is controversial. The broadband continuum spectrum and fast variability properties can be explained in a model where the inner disc evaporates into a geometrically thick, hot…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 Ra'ad D. Mahmoud , Chris Done , Barbara De Marco

Relativistic reflection is a common feature in the X-ray observations of accreting compact objects. We present reflux, a new X-ray reflection model for spectral analysis of super-Eddington sources. We develop two relativistic reflection…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-25 Swarnim Shashank , Askar B. Abdikamalov , Honghui Liu , Temurbek Mirzaev , Jiachen Jiang , Cosimo Bambi , Fergus Baker , Andrew Young

Relativistic reflection observed in the hard states of accreting black holes often shows a weak amplitude relative to the main Comptonization component, which may result from either a disc truncation or a non-isotropy of the X-ray source,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-14 Lukasz Klepczarek , Andrzej Niedzwiecki , Michal Szanecki

Black hole binary transients undergo dramatic evolution in their X-ray timing and spectral behaviour during outbursts. In recent years a paradigm has arisen in which "soft" X-ray states are associated with an inner disc radius at, or very…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-13 C. Cabanac , R. P. Fender , R. J. H. Dunn , E. G. Koerding

We fit X-ray reverberation models to Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data from the X-ray binary Cygnus X-1 in its hard state to yield estimates for the black hole mass and the distance to the system. The rapid variability observed in the X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-16 Patrick O'Neill , Adam Ingram , Edward Nathan , Guglielmo Mastroserio , Michiel van der Klis , Matteo Lucchini , Jake Mitchell

We present the results of a comprehensive investigation on the evolution of spectral and timing properties of the Galactic black hole candidate 4U 1630--47 during its spectral transitions. In particular, we show how a scaling of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Elena Seifina , Lev Titarchuk , Nikolai Shaposhnikov

The models currently used for the analysis of the reflection spectra of black holes usually assume a disk with constant ionization and electron density. However, there is some debate on the impact of these assumptions on the estimate of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-29 Gitika Mall , Ashutosh Tripathi , Askar B. Abdikamalov , Cosimo Bambi