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With a large-scale integration of distributed energy resources (DERs), distribution systems are expected to be capable of providing capacity support for the transmission grid. To effectively harness the collective flexibility from massive…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Xin Chen , Emiliano Dall'Anese , Changhong Zhao , Na Li

With increasing availability of communication and control infrastructure at the distribution systems, it is expected that the distributed energy resources (DERs) will take an active part in future power systems operations. One of the main…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Soumya Kundu , Karanjit Kalsi , Scott Backhaus

The increasing integration of distributed energy resources (DER) offers new opportunities for distribution system operators (DSO) to improve network operation through flexibility services. To utilise flexible resources, various DER…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-09 Andrey Churkin , Wangwei Kong , Pierluigi Mancarella , Eduardo A. Martínez Ceseña

To mitigate global climate change, distributed energy resources (DERs), such as distributed generators, flexible loads, and energy storage systems (ESSs), have witnessed rapid growth in power distribution systems. When properly managed,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Rui Xie , Yue Chen

Increasing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) within distribution feeders provides unprecedented flexibility at the distribution-transmission interconnection. To exploit this flexibility and to use the capacity potential of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-16 Bai Cui , Ahmed Zamzam , Andrey Bernstein

This paper presents a data-driven, distributionally robust chance-constrained optimization method for estimating the real and reactive power controllability of aggregated distributed energy resources (DER). At the DER-level, a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-15 Mingzhi Zhang , Xiangqi Zhu , Ning Lu

Aggregating distributed energy resources (DERs) is of great significance to improve the overall operational efficiency of smart grid. The aggregation model needs to consider various factors such as network constraints, operational…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-09 Yiran Wang , Haiwang Zhong , Guangchun Ruan

The aggregate flexibility region of distributed energy resources (DERs) quantifies the aggregate power shaping capabilities of DERs. It characterizes the distribution network's potential for wholesale market participation and grid service…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Feixiang Zhang , Hongyi Li , Bai Cui , Zhaoyu Wang

The energy transition towards renewable based power provision requires improved monitoring and control of distributed energy resources (DERs), installed predominantly at the distribution grid level. Due to the gradual phase out of thermal…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-03 Neelotpal Majumdar , Marcel Sarstedt , Lutz Hofmann

This paper presents a grid-aware probabilistic approach to compute the aggregated flexibility at the grid connection point (GCP) of active distribution networks (ADNs) to allow the participation of DERs in ancillary services (AS) markets.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-19 Matthieu Jacobs , Mario Paolone

A distribution system can flexibly adjust its substation-level power output by aggregating its local distributed energy resources (DERs). Due to DER and network constraints, characterizing the exact feasible power output region is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Qi Li , Jianzhe Liu , Bai Cui , Wenzhan Song , Jin Ye

The integration of distributed energy resources (DER) makes active distribution networks (ADNs) natural providers of flexibility services. However, the optimal operation of flexible units in ADNs is highly complex, which poses challenges…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-29 Andrey Churkin , Wangwei Kong , Jose N. Melchor Gutierrez , Eduardo A. Martínez Ceseña , Pierluigi Mancarella

Active distribution grids are accommodating an increasing number of controllable electric loads and distributed energy resources (DERs). A majority of these DERs are managed by entities other than the distribution utility, such as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Kshitij Girigoudar , Line A. Roald

Dispatching a large fleet of distributed energy resources (DERs) in response to wholesale energy market or regional grid signals requires solving a challenging disaggregation problem when the DERs are located within a distribution network.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-22 Nawaf Nazir , Mads Almassalkhi

The increasing penetration of volatile renewables combined with increasing demands poses a challenge to modern power grids. Furthermore, distributed energy resources and flexible devices (electric vehicles, PV generation, ...) are becoming…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-01 Emrah Öztürk , Kevin Kaspar , Timm Faulwasser , Karl Worthmann , Peter Kepplinger , Klaus Rheinberger

The increasing number of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in the emerging Smart Grid, has created an imminent need for intelligent multiagent frameworks able to utilize these assets efficiently. In this paper, we propose a novel DER…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Stavros Orfanoudakis , Georgios Chalkiadakis

Loads represent a promising flexibility source to support the integration of renewable energy sources, as they may shift their energy consumption over time. By computing the aggregated flexibility of power and energy-constrained loads,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-23 Julie Rousseau , Philipp Heer , Kristina Orehounig , Gabriela Hug

The deployment of distributed energy resource (DER) devices plays a critical role in distribution grids, offering multiple value streams, including decarbonization, provision of ancillary services, non-wire alternatives, and enhanced grid…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-10 Yiyuan Pan , Yiheng Xie , Steven Low

The ongoing integration of controllable distributed energy resources (DER) makes distribution networks capable of aggregating flexible power and providing flexibility services at both transmission and distribution levels. The aggregated…

Electrical Distribution Systems are extensively penetrated with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) to cater the energy demands with the general perception that it enhances the system's resilience. However, integration of DERs may adversely…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-07 Divyanshi Dwivedi , Pradeep Kumar Yemula , Mayukha Pal
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