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The planets with a radius $<$ 4 $R$$_\oplus$ observed by the Kepler mission exhibit a unique feature, and propose a challenge for current planetary formation models. The tidal effect between a planet and its host star plays an essential…
We propose a new scenario for compound chondrule formation named as "fragment-collision model," in the framework of the shock-wave heating model. A molten cm-sized dust particle (parent) is disrupted in the high-velocity gas flow. The…
Let $\bf{x}$ be a random variable with density $\rho(x)$ taking values in ${\mathbb R}^d$. We are interested in finding a representation for the shape of $\rho(x)$, i.e. for the orbit $\{ \rho(g\cdot x) | g\in E(d) \}$ of $\rho$ under the…
Wide binary stars are important for testing alternative models of gravitation in the weak-field regime and understanding the statistical outcomes of dynamical interactions in the general Galactic field. The Gaia mission's collection of…
We investigate the distribution of the volume and coordination number associated to each particle in a jammed packing of monodisperse hard sphere using the mesoscopic ensemble developed in Nature 453, 606 (2008). Theory predicts an…
Planets and satellites orbiting a binary system exist in the solar system and extrasolar planetary systems. Their orbits can be significantly different from Keplerian orbits, if they are close to the binary and the secondary-to-primary mass…
We present a new estimate for the binary fraction (the fraction of stars with a single companion) for M dwarfs using a log-normal fit to the orbital separation distribution. We use point estimates of the binary fraction (binary fractions…
We discuss the implementation of physically meaningful branching ratios between the CRD and PRD contributions to the emissivity of a polarized multi-term atom in the presence of both inelastic and elastic collisions. Our derivation is based…
We analyze the CORALIE/HARPS sample of exoplanets (Mayor et al. 2011) found by the Doppler radial velocity method for signs of the predicted "desert" at 10-$100 M_\odot$ caused by runaway gas accretion at semimajor axes of $< 3\,$AU. We…
We examine the existence of nonlinear modes and their temporal dynamics, in arrays of split-ring resonators, using a fractional extension of the Laplacian in the evolution equation. We find a closed-form expression for the dispersion…
We use the extension of scaled particle theory (ESPT) presented in the accompanying paper [Stillinger et al. J. Chem. Phys. xxx, xxx (2007)] to calculate numerically pair correlation function of the hard sphere fluid over the density range…
We present a statistical comparison of the mass ratio distribution of companions, as observed in different multiplicity surveys, to the most recent estimate of the single object mass function (Bochanski et al. 2010). The main goal of our…
Many multiple-planet systems have been found by the Kepler transit survey and various radial velocity (RV) surveys. Kepler planets show an asymmetric feature, namely, there are small but significant deficits/excesses of planet pairs with…
(Abridged) The observed radial velocity (RV) eccentricity distribution for extrasolar planets in single-planet systems shows that a significant fraction of planets are eccentric ($e > 0.1$). Here we investigate the effects on an RV planet's…
Pulsar winds have been shown to be preferred sites of particle acceleration and high-energy radiation. Numerous studies have been conducted to better characterize the general structure of such relativistic plasmas in isolated systems.…
In light of recent findings from the kinematic morphology-density relation, we investigate whether the same trends exist in the original morphology density relation, using the same data as Dressler. In addition to Dressler's canonical…
This paper derives the exact cumulative density function of the distance between a randomly located node and any arbitrary reference point inside a regular $\el$-sided polygon. Using this result, we obtain the closed-form probability…
Circumbinary gas disks that are misaligned to the binary orbital plane evolve toward either a coplanar or a polar-aligned configuration with respect to the binary host. The preferred alignment depends on the dynamics of the disk: whether it…
Shape estimation and object reconstruction are common problems in image analysis. Mathematically, viewing objects in the image plane as random sets reduces the problem of shape estimation to inference about sets. Currently existing…
The angular momentum deficit (AMD) of a planetary system is a measure of its orbital excitation and a predictor of long-term stability. We adopt the AMD-stability criteria to constrain the orbital architectures for exoplanetary systems.…