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Related papers: Pauli Propagation for Imaginary-Time Evolution

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We introduce a propagation-based approach to thermal state simulation by adapting Pauli and Majorana propagation to imaginary-time evolution in the Schr\"odinger picture. Our key observation is that high-temperature states can be sparse in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Manuel S. Rudolph , Armando Angrisani , Andrew Wright , Iwo Sanderski , Ricard Puig , Zoë Holmes

We study real-time operator evolution using sparse Pauli dynamics, a recently developed method for simulating expectation values of quantum circuits. On the examples of energy and charge diffusion in 1D spin chains and sudden quench…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-09 Tomislav Begušić , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

Evolution in imaginary time is a prominent technique for finding the ground state of quantum many-body systems, and the heart of a number of numerical methods that have been used with great success in quantum chemistry, condensed matter and…

Classical methods to simulate quantum systems are not only a key element of the physicist's toolkit for studying many-body models but are also increasingly important for verifying and challenging upcoming quantum computers. Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Manuel S. Rudolph , Tyson Jones , Yanting Teng , Armando Angrisani , Zoë Holmes

Simulating real-time quantum dynamics in interacting spin systems is a fundamental challenge, where exact diagonalization suffers from exponential Hilbert-space growth and tensor-network methods face entanglement barriers. Recently,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Yuguo Shao , Song Cheng , Zhengwei Liu

We introduce a symmetry-adapted framework for simulating quantum dynamics based on Pauli propagation. When a quantum circuit possesses a symmetry, many Pauli strings evolve redundantly under actions of the symmetry group. We exploit this by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Yanting Teng , Su Yeon Chang , Manuel S. Rudolph , Zoë Holmes

Imaginary time evolution is a powerful technique for computing the ground state of quantum Hamiltonians, where the convergence to ground state in asymptotic imaginary time is guaranteed. However, implementing this method on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 S. Alipour , T. Ojanen

Imaginary-time evolution is fundamental for analyzing quantum many-body systems, yet classical simulation requires exponentially growing resources in both system size and evolution time. While quantum approaches reduce the system-size…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Lei Zhang , Jizhe Lai , Xian Wu , Xin Wang

Calculations at finite temperatures are fundamental in different scientific fields, from nuclear physics to condensed matter. Evolution in imaginary time is a prominent classical technique for preparing thermal states of quantum systems. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-30 Francesco Turro

Imaginary-time evolution plays an important role in algorithms for computing ground-state and thermal equilibrium properties of quantum systems, but can be challenging to simulate on classical computers. Many quantum algorithms for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Annie Ray , Esha Swaroop , Ningping Cao , Michael Vasmer , Anirban Chowdhury

Imaginary time evolution is a powerful tool applied in quantum physics, while existing classical algorithms for simulating imaginary time evolution suffer high computational complexity as the quantum systems become larger and more complex.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Hao-Nan Xie , Shi-Jie Wei , Fan Yang , Zheng-An Wang , Chi-Tong Chen , Heng Fan , Gui-Lu Long

We introduce a constructive method for mapping non-unitary dynamics to a weighted set of unitary operations. We utilize this construction to derive a new correspondence between real and imaginary time, which we term Imaginary Time Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-11 Jacob M. Leamer , Alicia B. Magann , Denys I. Bondar , Gerard McCaul

The quantum imaginary time evolution is a powerful algorithm for preparing the ground and thermal states on near-term quantum devices. However, algorithmic errors induced by Trotterization and local approximation severely hinder its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-16 Chenfeng Cao , Zheng An , Shi-Yao Hou , D. L. Zhou , Bei Zeng

We present a polynomial-time classical algorithm for estimating expectation values of arbitrary observables on typical quantum circuits under any incoherent local noise, including non-unital or dephasing. Although previous research…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Armando Angrisani , Antonio A. Mele , Manuel S. Rudolph , M. Cerezo , Zoë Holmes

The imaginary-time evolution of quantum states is integral to various fields, ranging from natural sciences to classical optimization or machine learning. Since simulating quantum imaginary-time evolution generally requires storing an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-17 Julien Gacon , Christa Zoufal , Giuseppe Carleo , Stefan Woerner

Simulating time evolution under quantum Hamiltonians is one of the most natural applications of quantum computers. We introduce TE-PAI, which simulates time evolution exactly by sampling random quantum circuits for the purpose of estimating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Chusei Kiumi , Bálint Koczor

We propose an imaginary time equivalent of the well-established Pauli gadget primitive for Trotter-decomposed real time evolution, using mid-circuit measurements on a single ancilla qubit. Imaginary time evolution (ITE) is widely used for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Chiara Leadbeater , Nathan Fitzpatrick , David Muñoz Ramo , Alex J. W. Thom

Imaginary-time evolution, an important technique in tensor network and quantum Monte Carlo algorithms on classical computers, has recently been adapted to quantum computing. In this study, we focus on probabilistic imaginary-time evolution…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-27 Satoshi Ejima , Kazuhiro Seki , Benedikt Fauseweh , Seiji Yunoki

The infinite time-evolving block decimation (iTEBD) algorithm [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 070201 (2007)] allows to simulate unitary evolution and to compute the ground state of one-dimensional quantum lattice systems in the thermodynamic limit.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Roman Orus , Guifre Vidal

In this this paper we present an inexpensive protocol to perform runtime and memory estimation for large-scale experiments with Pauli Path simulators (PPS). Additionally, we propose a conceptually simple solution for studying whether PPS…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Hrant Gharibyan , Siddharth Hariprakash , Mohammed Zuhair Mullath , Vincent P. Su
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