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Complex numerical time series analysis often demands multi-step reasoning capabilities beyond current models' reach. Tasks like medical diagnosis and weather forecasting require sequential reasoning processes - including counterfactual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Felix Parker , Nimeesha Chan , Chi Zhang , Kimia Ghobadi

Recent advancements in LLM-powered agents have demonstrated significant potential in generating human-like responses; however, they continue to face challenges in maintaining long-term interactions within complex environments, primarily due…

Memory-augmented Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in long-term human-machine interactions, which basically relies on iterative recalling and reasoning of history to generate high-quality responses.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Lei Liu , Xiaoyan Yang , Yue Shen , Binbin Hu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jinjie Gu , Guannan Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of NLP tasks, but they remain fundamentally stateless, constrained by limited context windows that hinder long-horizon reasoning. Recent efforts to…

To achieve faithful reasoning that aligns with human expectations, large language models (LLMs) need to ground their reasoning to real-world knowledge (e.g., web facts, math and physical rules). Tools help LLMs access this external…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become essential in a variety of applications due to their advanced language understanding and generation capabilities. However, their computational and memory requirements pose significant challenges to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Cristobal Ortega , Yann Falevoz , Renaud Ayrignac

Large language model (LLM) multi-agent systems can scale along two distinct dimensions: by increasing the number of agents and by improving through accumulated experience over time. Although prior work has studied these dimensions…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Shanglin Wu , Yuyang Luo , Yueqing Liang , Kaiwen Shi , Yanfang Ye , Ali Payani , Kai Shu

Large language models suffer from knowledge staleness and lack of interpretability due to implicit knowledge storage across entangled network parameters, preventing targeted updates and reasoning transparency. We propose ExplicitLM, a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Chengzhang Yu , Zening Lu , Chenyang Zheng , Chiyue Wang , Yiming Zhang , Zhanpeng Jin

Statefulness is essential for large language model (LLM) agents to perform long-term planning and problem-solving. This makes memory a critical component, yet its management and evolution remain largely underexplored. Existing evaluations…

Logical reasoning is a critical benchmark for evaluating the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), as it reflects their ability to derive valid conclusions from given premises. While the combination of test-time scaling with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Ramya Keerthy Thatikonda , Wray Buntine , Ehsan Shareghi

Current large language models (LLMs) primarily rely on linear sequence generation and massive parameter counts, yet they severely struggle with complex algorithmic reasoning. While recent reasoning architectures, such as the Hierarchical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Vasiliy A. Es'kin , Mikhail E. Smorkalov

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on complex tasks through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, conventional CoT relies on explicitly verbalized intermediate steps, which constrains its broader…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xinghao Chen , Anhao Zhao , Heming Xia , Xuan Lu , Hanlin Wang , Yanjun Chen , Wei Zhang , Jian Wang , Wenjie Li , Xiaoyu Shen

This paper examines memory mechanisms in Large Language Models (LLMs), emphasizing their importance for context-rich responses, reduced hallucinations, and improved efficiency. It categorizes memory into sensory, short-term, and long-term,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Lianlei Shan , Shixian Luo , Zezhou Zhu , Yu Yuan , Yong Wu

Code provides a general syntactic structure to build complex programs and perform precise computations when paired with a code interpreter - we hypothesize that language models (LMs) can leverage code-writing to improve Chain of Thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Chengshu Li , Jacky Liang , Andy Zeng , Xinyun Chen , Karol Hausman , Dorsa Sadigh , Sergey Levine , Li Fei-Fei , Fei Xia , Brian Ichter

Evaluating the abilities of large language models (LLMs) for tasks that require long-term memory and thus long-context reasoning, for example in conversational settings, is hampered by the existing benchmarks, which often lack narrative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mohammad Tavakoli , Alireza Salemi , Carrie Ye , Mohamed Abdalla , Hamed Zamani , J Ross Mitchell

Long-context language models exhibit impressive performance but remain challenging to deploy due to high GPU memory demands during inference. We propose Memory-efficient Offloaded Mini-sequence Inference (MOM), a method that partitions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Junyang Zhang , Tianyi Zhu , Cheng Luo , Anima Anandkumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) were shown to struggle with long-term planning, which may be caused by the limited way in which they explore the space of possible solutions. We propose an architecture where a Reinforcement Learning (RL) Agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Yoav Alon , Cristina David

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in executing complex reasoning tasks. Chain-of-thought effectively enhances reasoning capabilities by unlocking the potential of large models, while multi-agent systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jiaxing Zhao , Hongbin Xie , Yuzhen Lei , Xuan Song , Zhuoran Shi , Lianxin Li , Shuangxue Liu , Linguo Xie , Haoran Zhang

Recent advances in fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with reinforcement learning (RL) have shown promising improvements in complex reasoning tasks, particularly when paired with chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting. However, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Hung Le , Dai Do , Dung Nguyen , Svetha Venkatesh

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have fundamentally reshaped artificial intelligence by integrating external tools and planning capabilities. While memory mechanisms have emerged as the architectural cornerstone of these systems,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jinghao Luo , Yuchen Tian , Chuxue Cao , Ziyang Luo , Hongzhan Lin , Kaixin Li , Chuyi Kong , Ruichao Yang , Jing Ma
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