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Quantum computing holds promise for outperforming classical computing in specialized applications such as optimization. With current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, only variational quantum algorithms like the Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Daniel Müssig , Markus Wappler , Steve Lenk , Jörg Lässig

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) have gained significant attention as a potential solution for various quantum computing applications in the near term. However, implementing these algorithms on quantum devices often necessitates a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-11 Seyed Sajad Kahani , Amin Nobakhti

Quantum optimization holds promise for addressing classically intractable combinatorial problems, yet a standardized framework for benchmarking its performance, particularly in terms of solution quality, computational speed, and scalability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Monit Sharma , Hoong Chuin Lau

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are expected to become a practical application of near-term noisy quantum computers. Although the effect of the noise crucially determines whether a VQA works or not, the heuristic nature of VQAs makes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-02 Kosuke Ito , Wataru Mizukami , Keisuke Fujii

Distributed quantum computation has gained extensive attention since small-qubit quantum computers seem to be built more practically in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. In this paper, we give a distributed Bernstein-Vazirani…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-21 Xu Zhou , Daowen Qiu , Le Lou

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most promising quantum algorithms for the near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The VQE typically involves finding the minimum energy of a quantum Hamiltonian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 Qidong Xu , Kanav Setia

Rapid advancements in cloud based platforms providing access to quantum computing capabilities have opened up several challenges for efficient usage of these highly delicate and costly devices. Although most of the current systems use a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Abhishek Sawaika , Udaya Parampalli , Rajkumar Buyya

Quantum algorithms are getting extremely popular due to their potential to significantly outperform classical algorithms. Yet, applying quantum algorithms to optimization problems meets challenges related to the efficiency of quantum…

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is one of the most promising and widely used algorithms for exploiting the capabilities of current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. However, VQE algorithms suffer from a plethora of…

Variational quantum algorithms (VQA) have emerged as a promising quantum alternative for solving optimization and machine learning problems using parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs). The design of these circuits influences the ability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-18 Alexander Benítez-Buenache , Queralt Portell-Montserrat

Parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) play an essential role in the application of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) in noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The PQCs are a leading candidate to achieve a quantum advantage in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Joona V. Pankkonen , Matti Raasakka , Andrea Marchesin , Ilkka Tittonen

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have attracted remarkable interest over the past few years because of their potential computational advantages on near-term quantum devices. They leverage a hybrid approach that integrates classical and…

State-of-the-art noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices (NISQ), although imperfect, enable computational tasks that are manifestly beyond the capabilities of modern classical supercomputers. However, present quantum computations are…

Excess noise is a major obstacle to high-performance continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD), which is mainly derived from the amplitude attenuation and phase fluctuation of quantum signals caused by channel instability. Here,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-22 Kexin Liang , Geng Chai , Zhengwen Cao , Qing Wang , Lei Wang , Jinye Peng

The state-of-the-art quantum computing hardware has entered the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. Having been constrained by the limited number of qubits and shallow circuit depth, NISQ devices have nevertheless demonstrated the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-23 Guanglei Xu , Yi-Bin Guo , Xuan Li , Zong-Sheng Zhou , Hai-Jun Liao , T. Xiang

Current quantum neural networks suffer from extreme sensitivity to both adversarial perturbations and hardware noise, creating a significant barrier to real-world deployment. Existing robustness techniques typically sacrifice clean accuracy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Mohamed Afane , Quanjiang Long , Haoting Shen , Ying Mao , Junaid Farooq , Ying Wang , Juntao Chen

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) offer the most promising path to obtaining quantum advantages via noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors. Such systems leverage classical optimization to tune the parameters of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-26 Sharu Theresa Jose , Osvaldo Simeone

Variational quantum approaches have shown great promise in finding near-optimal solutions to computationally challenging tasks. Nonetheless, enforcing constraints in a disciplined fashion has been largely unexplored. To address this gap,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Thinh Viet Le , Vassilis Kekatos

Quantum annealers provide an effective framework for solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems. This work presents a novel methodology for training Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) by reformulating the parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Ernesto Acosta , Guillermo Botella , Carlos Cano

Variational quantum algorithms have been one of the most intensively studied applications for near-term quantum computing applications. The noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) regime, where small enough algorithms can be run…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-19 Sebastian Brandhofer , Simon Devitt , Ilia Polian