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Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in multimodal understanding, yet their reasoning abilities remain underexplored. Existing benchmarks tend to focus on perception or text-based comprehension,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Xiang Li , Wenyue Hua , Kaijie Zhu , Lingyao Li , Haoyang Ling , Jinkui Chi , Qi Dou , Jindong Wang , Yongfeng Zhang , Xin Ma , Lizhou Fan

Large multimodal models extend the impressive capabilities of large language models by integrating multimodal understanding abilities. However, it is not clear how they can emulate the general intelligence and reasoning ability of humans.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yew Ken Chia , Vernon Toh Yan Han , Deepanway Ghosal , Lidong Bing , Soujanya Poria

In this article, we investigate vision-language models (VLM) as reasoners. The ability to form abstractions underlies mathematical reasoning, problem-solving, and other Math AI tasks. Several formalisms have been given to these underlying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Denisa Roberts , Lucas Roberts

The increasing demand for intelligent systems capable of interpreting and reasoning about visual content requires the development of large Vision-and-Language Models (VLMs) that are not only accurate but also have explicit reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Kohei Uehara , Nabarun Goswami , Hanqin Wang , Toshiaki Baba , Kohtaro Tanaka , Tomohiro Hashimoto , Kai Wang , Rei Ito , Takagi Naoya , Ryo Umagami , Yingyi Wen , Tanachai Anakewat , Tatsuya Harada

While multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have shown significant progress on many popular visual reasoning benchmarks, whether they possess abstract visual reasoning abilities remains an open question. Similar to the Sudoku puzzles,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Yifan Jiang , Jiarui Zhang , Kexuan Sun , Zhivar Sourati , Kian Ahrabian , Kaixin Ma , Filip Ilievski , Jay Pujara

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown great potential in perception and interpretation tasks, but their capabilities in predictive reasoning remain under-explored. To address this gap, we introduce a novel benchmark that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mingwei Zhu , Leigang Sha , Yu Shu , Kangjia Zhao , Tiancheng Zhao , Jianwei Yin

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are now increasingly being merged with Large Language Models (LLMs) to enable new capabilities, particularly in terms of improved interactivity and open-ended responsiveness. While these are remarkable…

Reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs) has recently attracted significant attention due to its broad applicability across diverse downstream tasks. However, it remains unclear whether the superior performance of VLMs stems from genuine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yige Xu , Yongjie Wang , Zizhuo Wu , Kaisong Song , Jun Lin , Zhiqi Shen

Visual language is a system of communication that conveys information through symbols, shapes, and spatial arrangements. Diagrams are a typical example of a visual language depicting complex concepts and their relationships in the form of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yifan Hou , Buse Giledereli , Yilei Tu , Mrinmaya Sachan

As textual reasoning with large language models (LLMs) has advanced significantly, there has been growing interest in enhancing the multimodal reasoning capabilities of large vision-language models (LVLMs). However, existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Junfei Wu , Jian Guan , Kaituo Feng , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang , Wei Wu , Tieniu Tan

Visual Language Models (VLMs) show remarkable performance in visual reasoning tasks, successfully tackling college-level challenges that require high-level understanding of images. However, some recent reports of VLMs struggling to reason…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Gene Tangtartharakul , Katherine R. Storrs

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become a powerful tool for integrating visual and textual information. Despite their exceptional performance on visual understanding benchmarks, measuring their ability to reason abstractly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Nilay Yilmaz , Maitreya Patel , Yiran Lawrence Luo , Tejas Gokhale , Chitta Baral , Suren Jayasuriya , Yezhou Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have succeeded remarkably in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, yet their reasoning capabilities remain a fundamental challenge. While LLMs exhibit impressive fluency and factual recall, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Avinash Patil , Aryan Jadon

Although large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in a wide range of multimodal tasks, their true reasoning capabilities on human IQ tests remain underexplored. To advance research on the fluid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Tan-Hanh Pham , Phu-Vinh Nguyen , Dang The Hung , Bui Trong Duong , Vu Nguyen Thanh , Chris Ngo , Tri Quang Truong , Truong-Son Hy

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown promising performance in vision-language understanding and reasoning tasks. However, their visual understanding behaviors remain underexplored. A fundamental question arises: to what extent do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Xiaoying Xing , Chia-Wen Kuo , Li Fuxin , Yulei Niu , Fan Chen , Ming Li , Ying Wu , Longyin Wen , Sijie Zhu

Reasoning is central to human intelligence, enabling structured problem-solving across diverse tasks. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have greatly enhanced their reasoning abilities in arithmetic, commonsense, and symbolic…

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) achieve strong multimodal reasoning but frequently exhibit hallucinations and incorrect responses with high certainty, which hinders their usage in high-stakes domains. Existing verbalized confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Wenyi Xiao , Xinchi Xu , Leilei Gan

Mathematical reasoning serves as a cornerstone for assessing the fundamental cognitive capabilities of human intelligence. In recent times, there has been a notable surge in the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) geared towards the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Janice Ahn , Rishu Verma , Renze Lou , Di Liu , Rui Zhang , Wenpeng Yin

Visual reasoning is dominated by end-to-end neural networks scaled to billions of model parameters and training examples. However, even the largest models struggle with compositional reasoning, generalization, fine-grained spatial and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Aleksandar Stanić , Sergi Caelles , Michael Tschannen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at complex visual tasks such as VQA and chart understanding, yet recent work suggests they struggle with simple perceptual tests. We present an evaluation of vision-language models' capacity for nonlocal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shmuel Berman , Jia Deng