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Modeling human cognitive states is essential for advanced artificial intelligence. Existing Large Language Models (LLMs) mainly address isolated tasks such as emotion analysis or stance detection, and fail to capture interactions among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Lin Zhong , Siyu Zhu , Zizhen Yuan , Jinhao Cui , Xinyang Zhao , Lingzhi Wang , Hao Chen , Qing Liao

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) holds promise for revolutionizing various fields traditionally dominated by human expertise. Urban planning, a professional discipline that fundamentally shapes our daily surroundings, is one such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Yu Zheng , Longyi Liu , Yuming Lin , Jie Feng , Guozhen Zhang , Depeng Jin , Yong Li

Pluralistic alignment has emerged as a critical frontier in the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), with reward models (RMs) serving as a central mechanism for capturing diverse human values. While benchmarks for general response…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Qiyao Ma , Dechen Gao , Rui Cai , Boqi Zhao , Hanchu Zhou , Junshan Zhang , Zhe Zhao

Understanding human intent is a high-level cognitive challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs), requiring sophisticated reasoning over noisy, conflicting, and non-linear discourse. While LLMs excel at following individual instructions,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiaozhe Li , Tianyi Lyu , Siyi Yang , Yizhao Yang , Yuxi Gong , Jinxuan Huang , Ligao Zhang , Zhuoyi Huang , Qingwen Liu

Alignment has become a critical step for instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) to become helpful assistants. However, the effective evaluation of alignment for emerging Chinese LLMs is still largely unexplored. To fill in this gap,…

The ability to follow instructions is crucial for Large Language Models (LLMs) to handle various real-world applications. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on evaluating pure response quality, rather than assessing whether the response…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Yuxin Jiang , Yufei Wang , Xingshan Zeng , Wanjun Zhong , Liangyou Li , Fei Mi , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Wei Wang

Although large language models (LLMs) are increasingly implicated in interpersonal and societal decision-making, their ability to navigate explicit conflicts between legitimately different cultural value systems remains largely unexamined.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Hasibur Rahman , Hanan Salam

Federated learning has enabled multiple parties to collaboratively train large language models without directly sharing their data (FedLLM). Following this training paradigm, the community has put massive efforts from diverse aspects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Rui Ye , Rui Ge , Xinyu Zhu , Jingyi Chai , Yaxin Du , Yang Liu , Yanfeng Wang , Siheng Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in advancing various fields of research and society. However, the current community of LLMs overly focuses on benchmarks for analyzing specific foundational skills (e.g.…

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely deployed as autonomous agents capable of following user instructions and making decisions in real-world applications. Previous studies have made notable progress in benchmarking the instruction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Lingxiao Diao , Xinyue Xu , Wanxuan Sun , Cheng Yang , Zhuosheng Zhang

The rapid integration of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) into critical domains necessitates comprehensive moral evaluation to ensure their alignment with human values. While extensive research has addressed moral evaluation in LLMs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Bei Yan , Jie Zhang , Zhiyuan Chen , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

The adeptness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in comprehending and following natural language instructions is critical for their deployment in sophisticated real-world applications. Existing evaluations mainly focus on fragmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Tao Zhang , Chenglin Zhu , Yanjun Shen , Wenjing Luo , Yan Zhang , Hao Liang , Tao Zhang , Fan Yang , Mingan Lin , Yujing Qiao , Weipeng Chen , Bin Cui , Wentao Zhang , Zenan Zhou

Do large language models (LLMs) exhibit any forms of awareness similar to humans? In this paper, we introduce AwareBench, a benchmark designed to evaluate awareness in LLMs. Drawing from theories in psychology and philosophy, we define…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Yuan Li , Yue Huang , Yuli Lin , Siyuan Wu , Yao Wan , Lichao Sun

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly entrusted with high-stakes decisions that affect human welfare. However, the principles and values that guide these models when distributing scarce societal resources remain largely unexamined.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically aligned with human values using preference data or predefined principles such as helpfulness, honesty, and harmlessness. However, as AI systems progress toward Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Panatchakorn Anantaprayoon , Nataliia Babina , Jad Tarifi , Nima Asgharbeygi

Big models, exemplified by Large Language Models (LLMs), are models typically pre-trained on massive data and comprised of enormous parameters, which not only obtain significantly improved performance across diverse tasks but also present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jing Yao , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xiting Wang , Jindong Wang , Xing Xie

We present INTEGRALBENCH, a focused benchmark designed to evaluate Large Language Model (LLM) performance on definite integral problems. INTEGRALBENCH provides both symbolic and numerical ground truth solutions with manual difficulty…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Bintao Tang , Xin Yang , Yuhao Wang , Zixuan Qiu , Zimo Ji , Wenyuan Jiang

We present PersonaConvBench, a large-scale benchmark for evaluating personalized reasoning and generation in multi-turn conversations with large language models (LLMs). Unlike existing work that focuses on either personalization or…

Social alignment in AI systems aims to ensure that these models behave according to established societal values. However, unlike humans, who derive consensus on value judgments through social interaction, current language models (LMs) are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Ruibo Liu , Ruixin Yang , Chenyan Jia , Ge Zhang , Denny Zhou , Andrew M. Dai , Diyi Yang , Soroush Vosoughi

The rapid rise in popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) with emerging capabilities has spurred public curiosity to evaluate and compare different LLMs, leading many researchers to propose their own LLM benchmarks. Noticing preliminary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Timothy R. McIntosh , Teo Susnjak , Nalin Arachchilage , Tong Liu , Paul Watters , Malka N. Halgamuge