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Grounded claim factuality checking is important for large language model (LLM) applications such as retrieval-augmented generation, as it helps users assess the correctness of generated outputs. Existing metrics using entailment classifiers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuxuan Ye , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Edwin Simpson

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit extensive medical knowledge but are prone to hallucinations and inaccurate citations, which pose a challenge to their clinical adoption and regulatory compliance. Current methods, such as Retrieval…

Evaluating the quality and variability of text generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) poses a significant, yet unresolved research challenge. Traditional evaluation methods, such as ROUGE and BERTScore, which measure token similarity,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Wendi Cui , Jiaxin Zhang , Zhuohang Li , Lopez Damien , Kamalika Das , Bradley Malin , Sricharan Kumar

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has significantly influenced the quality of information in decision-making systems, leading to the prevalence of AI-generated content and challenges in detecting misinformation and managing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Cheng Jiayang , Chunkit Chan , Qianqian Zhuang , Lin Qiu , Tianhang Zhang , Tengxiao Liu , Yangqiu Song , Yue Zhang , Pengfei Liu , Zheng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of transforming natural language domain descriptions into plausibly looking PDDL markup. However, ensuring that actions are consistent within domains still remains a challenging task. In this paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Pavel Smirnov , Frank Joublin , Antonello Ceravola , Michael Gienger

Large Language Models have significantly advanced natural language processing tasks, but remain prone to generating incorrect or misleading but plausible arguments. This issue, known as hallucination, is particularly concerning in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Ahmad Aghaebrahimian

The rapid spread of multilingual misinformation requires robust automated fact verification systems capable of handling fine-grained veracity assessments across diverse languages. While large language models have shown remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Hanna Shcharbakova , Tatiana Anikina , Natalia Skachkova , Josef van Genabith

Generative AI (Gen AI) with large language models (LLMs) are being widely adopted across the industry, academia and government. Cybersecurity is one of the key sectors where LLMs can be and/or are already being used. There are a number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Aditya Patwardhan , Vivek Vaidya , Ashish Kundu

Factual inconsistencies pose a significant hurdle for the faithful summarization by generative models. While a major direction to enhance inconsistency detection is to derive stronger Natural Language Inference (NLI) models, we propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Liyan Xu , Zhenlin Su , Mo Yu , Jin Xu , Jinho D. Choi , Jie Zhou , Fei Liu

We devise an algorithm to generate propositions that objectively instantiate graphs supporting coherence-driven inference. We also benchmark the ability of large language models (LLMs) to reconstruct coherence graphs from (a simple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Steve Huntsman , Jewell Thomas

We study the question of consistency of multi-view models in UML and OCL. We first critically survey the large amount of literature that already exists. We find that only limited subsets of the UML/OCL have been covered so far and that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Alexander Knapp , Till Mossakowski

Consistency, which refers to the capability of generating the same predictions for semantically similar contexts, is a highly desirable property for a sound language understanding model. Although recent pretrained language models (PLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Myeongjun Jang , Deuk Sin Kwon , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Fact-checking is necessary to address the increasing volume of misinformation. Traditional fact-checking relies on manual analysis to verify claims, but it is slow and resource-intensive. This study establishes baseline comparisons for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Premtim Sahitaj , Iffat Maab , Junichi Yamagishi , Jawan Kolanowski , Sebastian Möller , Vera Schmitt

Large language models (LLMs) are a promising venue for natural language understanding and generation. However, current LLMs are far from reliable: they are prone to generating non-factual information and, more crucially, to contradicting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Diego Calanzone , Stefano Teso , Antonio Vergari

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly become central to various applications and interact with diverse user populations, ensuring their reliable and consistent performance is becoming more important. This paper explores a critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ruoxi Xu , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Jia Zheng , Weixiang Zhou , Le Sun , Yingfei Sun

Large language models (LLMs) appear to bias their survey answers toward certain values. Nonetheless, some argue that LLMs are too inconsistent to simulate particular values. Are they? To answer, we first define value consistency as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Jared Moore , Tanvi Deshpande , Diyi Yang

The reliability of large language models (LLMs) is greatly compromised by their tendency to hallucinate, underscoring the need for precise identification of knowledge gaps within LLMs. Various methods for probing such gaps exist, ranging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Raoyuan Zhao , Abdullatif Köksal , Ali Modarressi , Michael A. Hedderich , Hinrich Schütze

Assessing the factual consistency of automatically generated texts in relation to source context is crucial for developing reliable natural language generation applications. Recent literature proposes AlignScore which uses a unified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Tong Wang , Ninad Kulkarni , Yanjun Qi

Generating code from a natural language programming task is one of the most successful applications of Large Language Models (LLMs). Yet, the generated program may be buggy. Without an oracle, such as an existing, correct implementation or…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Thomas Valentin , Ardi Madadi , Gaetano Sapia , Marcel Böhme

Large language models (LLMs) are notorious for hallucinating, i.e., producing erroneous claims in their output. Such hallucinations can be dangerous, as occasional factual inaccuracies in the generated text might be obscured by the rest of…