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Stability analysis of the Kalman filter under randomly lost measurements has been widely studied. We revisit this problem in a general continuous-time framework, where both the measurement matrix and noise covariance evolve as random…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-19 Xinyi Wang , Devansh R. Agrawal , Dimitra Panagou

Bounds on the ultimate precision attainable in the estimation of a parameter in Gaussian quantum metrology are obtained when the average number of bosonic probes is fixed. We identify the optimal input probe state among generic (mixed in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-21 Teruo Matsubara , Paolo Facchi , Vittorio Giovannetti , Kazuya Yuasa

We formulate limits to perception under continuous quantum measurements by comparing the quantum states assigned by agents that have partial access to measurement outcomes. To this end, we provide bounds on the trace distance and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-30 Luis Pedro García-Pintos , Adolfo del Campo

Quantum Fisher Information (QFI) is a measure quantifying the sensitivity of a quantum state with respect to changes in tuning parameters in quantum metrology, and defining quantum speed limits. We show that even if the quantum state is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Alexander Kruchkov

Quantum state tomography, aimed at deriving a classical description of an unknown state from measurement data, is a fundamental task in quantum physics. In this work, we analyse the ultimate achievable performance of tomography of…

Entangled systems with large quantum Fisher information (QFI) can be used to outperform the standard quantum limit of the separable systems in quantum metrology. However, the interaction between the system and the environments inevitably…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-23 Guofeng Zhang , Hanjie Zhu

Two-mode interferometers, such as Michelson interferometer based on two spatial optical modes, lay the foundations for quantum metrology. Instead of exploring quantum entanglement in the two-mode interferometers, a single bosonic mode also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-14 W. Wang , Y. Wu , Y. Ma , W. Cai , L. Hu , X. Mu , Y. Xu , Zi-Jie Chen , H. Wang , Y. P. Song , H. Yuan , C. -L. Zou , L. -M. Duan , L. Sun

Quantum computing and quantum sensing represent two distinct frontiers of quantum information science. In this work, we harness quantum computing to solve a fundamental and practically important sensing problem: the detection of weak…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Richard R. Allen , Francisco Machado , Isaac L. Chuang , Hsin-Yuan Huang , Soonwon Choi

We consider the estimation of an unknown parameter $\theta$ through a quantum probe at thermal equilibrium. The probe is assumed to be in a Gibbs state according to its Hamiltonian $H_\theta$, which is divided in a parameter-encoding term…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Paolo Abiuso , Pavel Sekatski , John Calsamiglia , Martí Perarnau-Llobet

We consider estimating the magnitude of a monochromatic AC signal that couples to a two-level sensor. For any detection protocol, the precision achieved depends on the signal's frequency and can be quantified by the quantum Fisher…

Modern precision measurements, such as interferometry for detecting gravitational waves, rely on the estimation of optical phases encoded in light fields. Here, we propose to exploit the collectively enhanced output field of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Malik Jirasek , Igor Lesanovsky , Albert Cabot

This paper explores as didactically as possible the fundamental principles of both classical and quantum metrology, focusing on the Cram\'er-Rao Bound and how it defines the maximum precision in parameter estimation, taking into account…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 Leonardo A. M. Souza

Quantum metrology enables parameter estimation beyond classical limits by exploiting nonclassical resources such as squeezing and entanglement. In distributed quantum sensing, Heisenberg scaling has been extended from $1/N^2$ to $1/(NM)^2$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Hanbom Yoo , Hyukgun Kwon , Seongjin Hong

In recent years, many peculiar sensors have been proposed, such as the sensors based on exceptional points, Parity-Time symmetric structures or non-reciprocal systems. It is crucial to evaluate the fundamental limit of these sensing schemes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-01 Qi Geng , Ka-Di Zhu

In multiparameter quantum metrology, the weighted-arithmetic-mean error of estimation is often used as a scalar cost function to be minimized during design optimization. However, other types of mean error can reveal different facets of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-12 Xiao-Ming Lu , Zhihao Ma , Chengjie Zhang

Quantum sensors driven into the quantum chaotic regime can have dramatically enhanced sensitivity, which, however, depends intricately on the details of the underlying classical phase space. Here, we develop an accurate semiclassical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Mahdi RouhbakhshNabati , Daniel Braun , Henning Schomerus

Quantum technologies work by utilizing properties inherent in quantum systems such as quantum coherence and quantum entanglement and are expected to be superior to classical counterparts for solving certain problems in science and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-10 Yusuke Hama , Hirofumi Nishi

In bosonic quantum metrology, the estimate of a loss parameter is typically performed by means of pure states, such as coherent, squeezed or entangled states, while mixed thermal probes are discarded for their inferior performance. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Gaetana Spedalieri , Cosmo Lupo , Samuel L. Braunstein , Stefano Pirandola

We propose an experimentally accessible scheme to determine lower bounds on the quantum Fisher information (QFI), which ascertains multipartite entanglement or usefulness for quantum metrology. The scheme is based on comparing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-14 Florian Fröwis , Pavel Sekatski , Wolfgang Dür

Quantum Metrology calculates the ultimate precision of all estimation strategies, measuring what is their root mean-square error (RMSE) and their Fisher information. Here, instead, we ask how many bits of the parameter we can recover,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-22 Lorenzo Maccone , Majid Hassani , Chiara Macchiavello
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