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This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the current status and opportunities for Large Language Models (LLMs) in strategic reasoning, a sophisticated form of reasoning that necessitates understanding and predicting adversary actions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yadong Zhang , Shaoguang Mao , Tao Ge , Xun Wang , Adrian de Wynter , Yan Xia , Wenshan Wu , Ting Song , Man Lan , Furu Wei

Recent advancements in reasoning-enhanced large language models (LLMs), such as DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI-o3, have demonstrated significant progress. However, their application in professional medical contexts remains underexplored,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Pengcheng Qiu , Chaoyi Wu , Shuyu Liu , Weike Zhao , Zhuoxia Chen , Hongfei Gu , Chuanjin Peng , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs), powered by the chain-of-thought (CoT) paradigm, have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities. Intuitively, different problems often require varying depths of reasoning. While some methods can determine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Zhichao Sheng , Shilin Zhou , Chen Gong , Zhenghua Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant accuracy degradation due to insufficient reasoning ability when dealing with complex and abstract tasks. Thought structures such as Chain of Thought (CoT) and Tree of Thought (ToT) focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Fengxiao Tang , Yufeng Li , Zongzong Wu , Ming Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown to be capable of various tasks, yet their capability in interpreting and reasoning over tabular data remains an underexplored area. In this context, this study investigates from three core…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Tianyang Liu , Fei Wang , Muhao Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled multi-agent systems (MAS) in which multiple agents argue, critique, and coordinate to solve complex tasks, making communication topology a first-class design choice. Yet most existing LLM-based MAS…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Boxuan Wang , Zhuoyun Li , Xiaowei Huang , Yi Dong

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown impressive performance on tasks involving reasoning, leading to a lively debate on whether these models possess reasoning capabilities similar to humans. However, despite these successes, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Philipp Mondorf , Barbara Plank

In this project, we test the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) on the Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) dataset. This dataset serves as a representative benchmark for testing abstract reasoning abilities, requiring a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Liane Galanti , Ethan Baron

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks through long-chain reasoning. However, the extensive reasoning steps involved can significantly increase computational costs, posing challenges for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yunhao Wang , Yuhao Zhang , Tinghao Yu , Can Xu , Feng Zhang , Fengzong Lian

Recent advancements in reasoning with large language models (RLLMs), such as OpenAI-O1 and DeepSeek-R1, have demonstrated their impressive capabilities in complex domains like mathematics and coding. A central factor in their success lies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Qiguang Chen , Libo Qin , Jinhao Liu , Dengyun Peng , Jiannan Guan , Peng Wang , Mengkang Hu , Yuhang Zhou , Te Gao , Wanxiang Che

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in financial research workflows, where their role is evolving from single-model assistance for human analysts toward autonomous collaboration among multiple agents. Yet real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yiyun Zhu , Yidong Jiang , Ziwen Xu , Yinsheng Yao , Dawei Cheng , Jinru Ding , Jie Xu

Multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a promising approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models in complex problem-solving; however, current MAS frameworks suffer from poor flexibility and scalability with…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Heng Zhou , Hejia Geng , Xiangyuan Xue , Li Kang , Yiran Qin , Zhiyong Wang , Zhenfei Yin , Lei Bai

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering has driven a transition from traditional rule-based systems to autonomous agentic systems capable of solving complex problems. However, systematic progress is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jiale Guo , Suizhi Huang , Mei Li , Dong Huang , Xingsheng Chen , Regina Zhang , Zhijiang Guo , Han Yu , Siu-Ming Yiu , Pietro Lio , Kwok-Yan Lam

The rise of Agent AI and Large Language Model-powered Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) has underscored the need for responsible and dependable system operation. Tools like LangChain and Retrieval-Augmented Generation have expanded LLM…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Jinwei Hu , Yi Dong , Shuang Ao , Zhuoyun Li , Boxuan Wang , Lokesh Singh , Guangliang Cheng , Sarvapali D. Ramchurn , Xiaowei Huang

Logical reasoning is a critical benchmark for evaluating the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), as it reflects their ability to derive valid conclusions from given premises. While the combination of test-time scaling with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Ramya Keerthy Thatikonda , Wray Buntine , Ehsan Shareghi

Multi-agent systems (MAS) and reinforcement learning (RL) are widely used to enhance the agentic capabilities of large language models (LLMs). MAS improves task performance through role-based orchestration, while RL uses environmental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yujie Zhao , Lanxiang Hu , Yang Wang , Minmin Hou , Hao Zhang , Ke Ding , Jishen Zhao

As knowledge and semantics on the web grow increasingly complex, enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs)' comprehension and reasoning capabilities has become particularly important. Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has been shown to enhance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ke Chen , Jiandian Zeng , Zihao Peng , Guo Li , Guangxue Zhang , Tian Wang

In information retrieval, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in text reranking tasks by leveraging their sophisticated natural language understanding and advanced reasoning capabilities. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Haowei Liu , Xuyang Wu , Guohao Sun , Zhiqiang Tao , Yi Fang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in certain reasoning tasks, they struggle in multi-agent games where the final outcome depends on the joint strategies of all agents. In multi-agent games, the non-stationarity of other agents brings…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yidong He , Yutao Lai , Pengxu Yang , Jiarui Gan , Jiexin Wang , Yi Cai , Mengchen Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly excelling and outpacing human performance on many tasks. However, to improve LLM reasoning, researchers either rely on ad-hoc generated datasets or formal mathematical proof systems such as the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Nikolaus Holzer , William Fishell , Baishakhi Ray , Mark Santolucito