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Materials informatics exploiting machine learning techniques, e.g., Bayesian optimization (BO), has the potential to offer high-throughput optimization of thin-film growth conditions through incremental updates of machine learning models in…
Indium selenide, In2Se3, has recently attracted growing interest due to its novel properties, including room temperature ferroelectricity, outstanding photoresponsivity, and exotic in-plane ferroelectricity, which open up new regimes for…
The naturally existing chalcogenide Bi2Se3 is topologically nontrivial due to the band inversion caused by strong spin-orbit coupling inside the bulk of the material. The surface states are spin polarized, protected by the time-inversion…
Indium selenide is a phase-change chalcogenide whose polymorphism enables a variety of physical properties to be tuned. Here we directly quantify the evolution of the surface work function across the amorphous-to-crystalline transition in…
A crucial problem in achieving innovative high-throughput materials growth with machine learning and automation techniques, such as Bayesian optimization (BO) and robotic experimentation, has been a lack of an appropriate way to handle…
The top-down synthesis of inherently ferroelectric semiconductors and their integration with traditional material platforms have the potential to enable new low power logic devices, and to harness the bulk photoelectric effect for more…
Two-dimensional (2D) indium selenide (InSe) is a layered semiconductor with high electron mobility and a tunable band gap ranging from 1.25 eV in the bulk to 2.8 eV in the monolayer limit. These properties make these materials strong…
Atomically sharp epitaxial growth of Bi2Se3 films is achieved on Si (111) substrate with MBE (Molecular Beam Epitaxy). Two-step growth process is found to be a key to achieve interfacial-layer-free epitaxial Bi2Se3 films on Si substrates.…
Bi$_2$Se$_3$ is a widely studied 3D topological insulator having potential applications in optics, electronics, and spintronics. When the thickness of these films decrease to less than approximately 6 nm, the top and bottom surface states…
Molecular beam epitaxy is one of the highest quality growth methods, capable of achieving theoretical material property limits and unprecedented device performance. However, such ultimate quality usually comes at the cost of painstaking…
Perovskite insulator SrTiO3 is expected to be applied to the next generation of electronic and photonic devices as high-k capacitors and photocatalysts. However, reproducible growth of highly insulating stoichiometric SrTiO3 films remains…
Large area epitaxy of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with high material quality is a crucial step in realizing novel device applications based on 2D materials. In this work, we report high-quality, crystalline, large-area gallium…
Indium selenide compounds are promising materials for energy conversion, spintronic applications, and chemical sensing. However, it is difficult to grow stoichiometric indium selenide crystals due to the high equilibrium selenium vapor…
Phase selecting nearly degenerate crystalline polymorphs during epitaxial growth can be challenging yet is critical to targeting physical properties for specific applications. Here, we establish how phase selectivity of altermagnetic and…
Developing tailored semiconductor heterostructures on demand represents a critical capability for addressing the escalating performance demands in electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, traditional fabrication methods remain…
We demonstrate the capability of growing high quality ultrathin films of the topological insulators Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3 using molecular beam epitaxy. Unlike previous growth techniques, which often pin the Fermi energy in the conduction band…
Two-dimensional (2D) indium monoselenide (InSe) has attracted significant attention as a III-VI two-dimensional semiconductor (2D) with a combination of favorable attributes from III-V semiconductors as well as van der Waals 2D transition…
Two-dimensional materials with layered structures, appropriate bandgap, and high carrier mobilities have gathered tremendous interests due to their potential applications in optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices. Here, we report the…
The III-Se layered semiconductors, including InSe and GaSe, are promising optoelectronic materials due to their relatively high electron mobilities at room temperature, nonlinear optical responses, ferroelectricity, self-passivated van der…
Here we report a method to fabricate high quality Bi2Se3 thin films using molecular beam epitaxy with a radio frequency cracker cell as an atomic selenium source. With rates close to exact stoichiometry, optimal layer-by-layer growth of…