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Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing, achieving unprecedented performance across a variety of applications. However, their increased computational and memory demands present significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Yuhui Xu , Zhanming Jie , Hanze Dong , Lei Wang , Xudong Lu , Aojun Zhou , Amrita Saha , Caiming Xiong , Doyen Sahoo

Recent progress in vision-language models (VLMs) has led to impressive results in document understanding tasks, but their high computational demands remain a challenge. To mitigate the compute burdens, we propose a lightweight token pruning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Jaemin Son , Sujin Choi , Inyong Yun

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) demonstrate strong performance across visual tasks, but their efficiency is hindered by significant computational and memory demands from processing long contexts in multimodal inputs. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Yingen Liu , Fan Wu , Ruihui Li , Zhuo Tang , Kenli Li

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) hold huge potential for usage in the medical domain, but their computational costs necessitate efficient compression techniques. This paper evaluates the impact of structural pruning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Tanvir A. Khan , Aranya Saha , Ismam N. Swapnil , Mohammad A. Haque

Although Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal reasoning capabilities, their scalability and deployment are constrained by massive computational requirements. In particular, the massive amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Surendra Pathak , Bo Han

Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently expanded from static image understanding to video reasoning, but their scalability is fundamentally limited by the quadratic cost of processing dense frame sequences. Long videos often exceed the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Natan Bagrov , Eugene Khvedchenia , Borys Tymchenko , Shay Aharon , Lior Kadoch , Tomer Keren , Ofri Masad , Yonatan Geifman , Ran Zilberstein , Tuomas Rintamaki , Matthieu Le , Andrew Tao

Token reduction is an effective way to accelerate long-video vision-language models (VLMs), but most existing methods are designed for dense Transformers and do not directly account for hybrid architectures that interleave attention with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jindong Jiang , Amala Sanjay Deshmukh , Kateryna Chumachenko , Karan Sapra , Zhiding Yu , Guilin Liu , Andrew Tao , Pavlo Molchanov , Jan Kautz , Wonmin Byeon

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated significant potential in complex scene understanding and action reasoning, leading to their increasing adoption in end-to-end autonomous driving systems. However, the long visual tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jiajun Cao , Qizhe Zhang , Peidong Jia , Xuhui Zhao , Bo Lan , Xiaoan Zhang , Zhuo Li , Xiaobao Wei , Sixiang Chen , Liyun Li , Xianming Liu , Ming Lu , Yang Wang , Shanghang Zhang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) process multimodal inputs consisting of text tokens and vision tokens extracted from images or videos. Due to the rich visual information, a single image can generate thousands of vision tokens, leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zicong Tang , Ziyang Ma , Suqing Wang , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Hai Zhao , Yun Li , Qianren Wang

Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) incur high inference latency due to a large number of visual tokens provided to LLMs. To address this, training-free visual token pruning has emerged as a solution to reduce computational costs;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Kibum Kim , Jiwan Kim , Kyle Min , Yueqi Wang , Jinyoung Moon , Julian McAuley , Chanyoung Park

Visual token pruning reduces the computational cost of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) by removing redundant visual tokens. Existing methods typically rely on Gumbel-Softmax to approximate discrete selection during training. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Landi He , Mingde Yao , Shawn Young , Lijian Xu

Large models achieve strong performance on Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks, but are costly to run in resource-limited environments. Token pruning offers appealing tradeoffs for efficiency with minimal performance loss by reducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Wenda Qin , Andrea Burns , Bryan A. Plummer , Margrit Betke

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) encode images and videos into abundant tokens, which contain substantial redundancy and computation cost. While visual token pruning mitigates the issue, most existing methods lack insight into the intrinsic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jizhihui Liu , Feiyi Du , Guangdao Zhu , Niu Lian , Jun Li , Bin Chen , Weili Guan , Yaowei Wang

In response to the rising interest in large multimodal models, we introduce Cross-Attention Token Pruning (CATP), a precision-focused token pruning method. Our approach leverages cross-attention layers in multimodal models, exemplified by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Ruqi Liao , Chuqing Zhao , Jin Li , Weiqi Feng , Yi Lyu , Bingxian Chen , Haochen Yang

Are low-attention visual tokens truly redundant in vision-language reasoning? Existing pruning methods often assume so, ranking visual tokens by shallow text-to-image attention and discarding low-scoring patches to accelerate LVLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jie Ma , Yihang Liu , Zhike Qiu , Jiayi Ji , Xiaoshuai Sun

In large vision-language models, visual tokens typically constitute the majority of input tokens, leading to substantial computational overhead. To address this, recent studies have explored pruning redundant or less informative visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Sangin Lee , Yukyung Choi

Autoregressive Transformers adopted in Large Language Models (LLMs) are hard to scale to long sequences. Despite several works trying to reduce their computational cost, most of LLMs still adopt attention layers between all pairs of tokens…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Sotiris Anagnostidis , Dario Pavllo , Luca Biggio , Lorenzo Noci , Aurelien Lucchi , Thomas Hofmann

Long-form video understanding remains challenging for Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs), as the dense frame sampling introduces massive visual tokens while sparse sampling risks missing critical temporal evidence and leading to LLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiameng Li , Minye Wu , Jiezhang Cao , Aleksei Tiulpin , Matthew B. Blaschko

Recent advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) enable large language models (LLMs) to process high-resolution images, significantly improving real-world multimodal understanding. However, this capability introduces a large number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yuna Lee , Kyoungho Min , Yulhwa Kim

The practical application of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to Video Question Answering (Video-QA) is severely hindered by the high token cost of processing numerous video frames. While keyframe selection is the dominant strategy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Shaoguang Wang , Weiyu Guo , Ziyang Chen , Yijie Xu , Xuming Hu , Hui Xiong