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Knowledge distillation is a widely adopted technique for transferring capabilities from LLMs to smaller, more efficient student models. However, unauthorized use of knowledge distillation takes unfair advantage of the considerable effort…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Xinhang Ma , William Yeoh , Ning Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a technique that compresses large teacher models by training smaller student models to mimic them. The success of KD in auto-regressive language models mainly relies on Reverse KL for mode-seeking and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Jun Rao , Xuebo Liu , Zepeng Lin , Liang Ding , Jing Li , Dacheng Tao , Min Zhang

Pre-trained multilingual language models (LMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results in cross-lingual transfer, but they often lead to an inequitable representation of languages due to limited capacity, skewed pre-training data, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Simran Khanuja , Melvin Johnson , Partha Talukdar

In knowledge distillation, a student model is trained with supervisions from both knowledge from a teacher and observations drawn from a training data distribution. Knowledge of a teacher is considered a subject that holds inter-class…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Dongkyu Lee , Zhiliang Tian , Yingxiu Zhao , Ka Chun Cheung , Nevin L. Zhang

This paper proposes the DistillCSE framework, which performs contrastive learning under the self-training paradigm with knowledge distillation. The potential advantage of DistillCSE is its self-enhancing feature: using a base model to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Jiahao Xu , Wei Shao , Lihui Chen , Lemao Liu

Knowledge distillation (KD) has been widely used to improve the test accuracy of a "student" network, by training it to mimic the soft probabilities of a trained "teacher" network. Yet, it has been shown in recent work that, despite being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Vaishnavh Nagarajan , Aditya Krishna Menon , Srinadh Bhojanapalli , Hossein Mobahi , Sanjiv Kumar

Despite substantial progress in multilingual extractive Question Answering (QA), models with high and uniformly distributed performance across languages remain challenging, especially for languages with limited resources. We study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Casimiro Pio Carrino , Carlos Escolano , José A. R. Fonollosa

Generative retrieval is a promising new paradigm in text retrieval that generates identifier strings of relevant passages as the retrieval target. This paradigm leverages powerful generative language models, distinct from traditional sparse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Yongqi Li , Zhen Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Liqiang Nie , Wenjie Li , Tat-Seng Chua

The significant computational demands of large language models have increased interest in distilling reasoning abilities into smaller models via Chain-of-Thought (CoT) distillation. Current CoT distillation methods mainly focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yao Chen , Jiawei Sheng , Wenyuan Zhang , Tingwen Liu

Knowledge distillation between machine learning models has opened many new avenues for parameter count reduction, performance improvements, or amortizing training time when changing architectures between the teacher and student network. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Jonathan Raiman

Knowledge distillation provides an effective way to transfer knowledge via teacher-student learning, where most existing distillation approaches apply a fixed pre-trained model as teacher to supervise the learning of student network. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Kangkai Zhang , Chunhui Zhang , Shikun Li , Dan Zeng , Shiming Ge

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that achieve state-of-the-art performance in image synthesis. However, training them demands substantial amounts of data and computational resources. Continual learning would allow for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Sergi Masip , Pau Rodriguez , Tinne Tuytelaars , Gido M. van de Ven

On-policy self-distillation, where a student is pulled toward a copy of itself conditioned on privileged context (e.g., a verified solution or feedback), offers a promising direction for advancing reasoning capability without a stronger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Guobin Shen , Xiang Cheng , Chenxiao Zhao , Lei Huang , Jindong Li , Dongcheng Zhao , Xing Yu

Deep metric learning aims to transform input data into an embedding space, where similar samples are close while dissimilar samples are far apart from each other. In practice, samples of new categories arrive incrementally, which requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Gao-Dong Liu , Wan-Lei Zhao , Jie Zhao

On-policy distillation is a promising approach for transferring knowledge between language models, where a student learns from dense token-level signals along its own trajectories. This framework typically uses reverse KL divergence,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Woogyeol Jin , Taywon Min , Yongjin Yang , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Yi Zhou , Dennis Wei , Nathalie Baracaldo , Kimin Lee

The knowledge distillation uses a high-performance teacher network to guide the student network. However, the performance gap between the teacher and student networks can affect the student's training. This paper proposes a novel knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Songling Zhu , Ronghua Shang , Bo Yuan , Weitong Zhang , Yangyang Li , Licheng Jiao

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a key technique for compressing large-scale language models (LLMs), yet prevailing logit-based methods typically employ static strategies that are misaligned with the dynamic learning process of student…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xurong Xie , Zhucun Xue , Jiafu Wu , Jian Li , Yabiao Wang , Xiaobin Hu , Yong Liu , Jiangning Zhang

Knowledge distillation is a key technique for transferring the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) into smaller, more efficient student models. Existing distillation approaches often overlook two critical factors: the learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jincheng Cao , Fanzhi Zeng , Leqi Liu , Aryan Mokhtari

Knowledge distillation can be a cost-effective technique to distill knowledge in Large Language Models, if the teacher output logits can be pre-computed and cached. However, successfully applying this to pre-training remains largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Anshumann , Mohd Abbas Zaidi , Akhil Kedia , Jinwoo Ahn , Taehwak Kwon , Kangwook Lee , Haejun Lee , Joohyung Lee

We present Referee, a novel framework for sentence summarization that can be trained reference-free (i.e., requiring no gold summaries for supervision), while allowing direct control for compression ratio. Our work is the first to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Melanie Sclar , Peter West , Sachin Kumar , Yulia Tsvetkov , Yejin Choi