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Code cloning, the duplication of code fragments, is common in software development. While some reuse aids productivity, excessive cloning hurts maintainability and introduces bugs. Hence, automatic code clone detection is vital. Meanwhile,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shihan Dou , Junjie Shan , Haoxiang Jia , Wenhao Deng , Zhiheng Xi , Wei He , Yueming Wu , Tao Gui , Yang Liu , Xuanjing Huang

People judge interactions with large language models (LLMs) as successful when outputs match what they want, not what they type. Yet LLMs are trained to predict the next token solely from text input, not underlying intent. Because written…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Nadav Kunievsky , James A. Evans

Large language models (LLMs) such as Llama 2 perform very well on tasks that involve both natural language and source code, particularly code summarization and code generation. We show that for the task of code summarization, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Rajarshi Haldar , Julia Hockenmaier

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown impressive results on diverse code-related tasks, benefiting from large-scale training and instruction tuning. However, studies reveal that their grasp of fundamental programming concepts,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xiaoning Ren , Qiang Hu , Wei Ma , Yan Li , Yao Zhang , Lingxiao Jiang , Yinxing Xue

In this paper, we present a challenging code reasoning task: vulnerability detection. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results in natural-language and math reasoning, but state-of-the-art (SOTA) models reported only 54.5%…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Benjamin Steenhoek , Md Mahbubur Rahman , Monoshi Kumar Roy , Mirza Sanjida Alam , Hengbo Tong , Swarna Das , Earl T. Barr , Wei Le

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in software engineering, yet comprehensive benchmarks covering diverse SE activities remain limited. We present a multi-task evaluation of 11 state-of-the-art LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Go Frendi Gunawan , Mukhlis Amien

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized both general natural language processing and domain-specific applications such as code synthesis, legal reasoning, and finance. However, while prior studies have explored individual model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Gunjan Das , Paheli Bhattacharya , Rishabh Gupta

The ability to translate diverse patterns of inputs into structured patterns of behavior has been thought to rest on both humans' and machines' ability to learn robust representations of relevant concepts. The rapid advancement of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zach Studdiford , Timothy T. Rogers , Kushin Mukherjee , Siddharth Suresh

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performances on a wide range of natural language tasks. Yet, LLMs' successes have been largely restricted to tasks concerning words, sentences, or documents, and it remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Andrew Shin , Kunitake Kaneko

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have brought them closer to matching human cognition across a variety of tasks. How well do these models align with human performance in detecting and mapping analogies? Prior research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Kalit Inani , Keshav Kabra , Vijay Marupudi , Sashank Varma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable performance in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, such as sentiment analysis, content generation, and personalized recommendations. Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Mahaman Sanoussi Yahaya Alassan , Jessica López Espejel , Merieme Bouhandi , Walid Dahhane , El Hassane Ettifouri

Advances in deep learning systems have allowed large models to match or surpass human accuracy on a number of skills such as image classification, basic programming, and standardized test taking. As the performance of the most capable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Sarah Pratt , Seth Blumberg , Pietro Kreitlon Carolino , Meredith Ringel Morris

General large language models (LLMs), represented by ChatGPT, have demonstrated significant potential in tasks such as code generation in software engineering. This has led to the development of specialized LLMs for software engineering,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Zibin Zheng , Kaiwen Ning , Yanlin Wang , Jingwen Zhang , Dewu Zheng , Mingxi Ye , Jiachi Chen

This paper surveys evaluation techniques to enhance the trustworthiness and understanding of Large Language Models (LLMs). As reliance on LLMs grows, ensuring their reliability, fairness, and transparency is crucial. We explore algorithmic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Nik Bear Brown

Code translation is one of the core capabilities of LLMs. However, evaluating the correctness of translations remains difficult, as commonly used metrics such as BLEU measure only syntactic similarity, disregarding program semantics. We…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Julius Näumann , Sven Keidel , Amir Molzam Sharifloo , Mira Mezini

While pre-trained language models (LMs) have brought great improvements in many NLP tasks, there is increasing attention to explore capabilities of LMs and interpret their predictions. However, existing works usually focus only on a certain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Yaozong Shen , Lijie Wang , Ying Chen , Xinyan Xiao , Jing Liu , Hua Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been widely used for code generation. Due to the complexity and opacity of LLMs, little is known about how these models generate code. We made the first attempt to bridge this knowledge gap by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Bonan Kou , Shengmai Chen , Zhijie Wang , Lei Ma , Tianyi Zhang

Code coverage is a widely used metric for quantifying the extent to which program elements, such as statements or branches, are executed during testing. Calculating code coverage is resource-intensive, requiring code building and execution…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Michele Tufano , Shubham Chandel , Anisha Agarwal , Neel Sundaresan , Colin Clement

Recent advances in Code Large Language Models (CodeLLMs) have primarily focused on open-ended code generation, often overlooking the crucial aspect of code understanding and reasoning. To bridge this gap, we introduce CodeMMLU, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Dung Nguyen Manh , Thang Phan Chau , Nam Le Hai , Thong T. Doan , Nam V. Nguyen , Quang Pham , Nghi D. Q. Bui

Whether large language models (LLMs) process language similarly to humans has been the subject of much theoretical and practical debate. We examine this question through the lens of the production-interpretation distinction found in human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Suet-Ying Lam , Qingcheng Zeng , Jingyi Wu , Rob Voigt