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Joint embedding spaces have significantly advanced music understanding and generation by linking text and audio through multimodal contrastive learning. However, these approaches face large memory requirement limitations due to relying on…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Julien Guinot , Alain Riou , Elio Quinton , György Fazekas

The Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining (CLAP) model has demonstrated excellent performance in general audio description-related tasks, such as audio retrieval. However, in the emerging field of emotional speaking style description…

Contrastive language--audio pretraining (CLAP) has achieved remarkable success as an audio--text embedding framework, but existing approaches are limited to monaural or single-source conditions and cannot fully capture spatial information.…

In traditional audio captioning methods, a model is usually trained in a fully supervised manner using a human-annotated dataset containing audio-text pairs and then evaluated on the test sets from the same dataset. Such methods have two…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Yiming Zhang , Xuenan Xu , Ruoyi Du , Haohe Liu , Yuan Dong , Zheng-Hua Tan , Wenwu Wang , Zhanyu Ma

Contrastively pretrained audio-language models (e.g., CLAP) excel at clip-level understanding but struggle with frame-level tasks. Existing extensions fail to exploit the varying granularity of real-world audio-text data, where massive…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Xiquan Li , Xuenan Xu , Ziyang Ma , Wenxi Chen , Haolin He , Qiuqiang Kong , Xie Chen

Most existing masked audio modeling (MAM) methods learn audio representations by masking and reconstructing local spectrogram patches. However, the reconstruction loss mainly accounts for the signal-level quality of the reconstructed…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yifei Xin , Xiulian Peng , Yan Lu

This study introduces CLASP (Contrastive Language-Speech Pretraining), a multilingual, multimodal representation tailored for audio-text information retrieval. CLASP leverages the synergy between spoken content and textual data. During…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Mohammad Mahdi Abootorabi , Ehsaneddin Asgari

Contrastive language-audio pre-training (CLAP) enables zero-shot (ZS) inference of audio and exhibits promising performance in several classification tasks. However, conventional audio representations are still crucial for many tasks where…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-05 Daisuke Niizumi , Daiki Takeuchi , Yasunori Ohishi , Noboru Harada , Masahiro Yasuda , Shunsuke Tsubaki , Keisuke Imoto

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has significantly boosted the performance of various vision-language tasks by scaling up the dataset with image-text pairs collected from the web. However, the presence of intrinsic noise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Kaicheng Yang , Jiankang Deng , Xiang An , Jiawei Li , Ziyong Feng , Jia Guo , Jing Yang , Tongliang Liu

Contrastive cross-modality pretraining has recently exhibited impressive success in diverse fields, whereas there is limited research on their merits in speech emotion recognition (SER). In this paper, we propose GEmo-CLAP, a kind of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Yu Pan , Yanni Hu , Yuguang Yang , Wen Fei , Jixun Yao , Heng Lu , Lei Ma , Jianjun Zhao

Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining (CLAP) models have demonstrated unprecedented performance in various acoustic signal recognition tasks. Fiber-optic-based acoustic recognition is one of the most important downstream tasks and plays a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-20 Jingchen Sun , Shaobo Han , Wataru Kohno , Changyou Chen

Language-audio joint representation learning frameworks typically depend on deterministic embeddings, assuming a one-to-one correspondence between audio and text. In real-world settings, however, the language-audio relationship is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Toranosuke Manabe , Yuchi Ishikawa , Hokuto Munakata , Tatsuya Komatsu

Audio-language pretraining holds promise for general-purpose audio understanding, yet remains underexplored compared to its vision counterpart. While vision-language models like CLIP serve as widely adopted foundations, existing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-24 Wei-Cheng Tseng , Xuanru Zhou , Mingyue Huo , Yiwen Shao , Hao Zhang , Dong Yu

The disparity in language resources poses a challenge in multilingual NLP, with high-resource languages benefiting from extensive data, while low-resource languages lack sufficient data for effective training. Our Contrastive Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Philipp Borchert , Jochen De Weerdt , Marie-Francine Moens

A fundamental characteristic of audio is its compositional nature. Audio-language models (ALMs) trained using a contrastive approach (e.g., CLAP) that learns a shared representation between audio and language modalities have improved…

Large-scale image-text contrastive pre-training models, such as CLIP, have been demonstrated to effectively learn high-quality multimodal representations. However, there is limited research on learning video-text representations for general…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Xingjian He , Sihan Chen , Fan Ma , Zhicheng Huang , Xiaojie Jin , Zikang Liu , Dongmei Fu , Yi Yang , Jing Liu , Jiashi Feng

Deriving multimodal representations of audio and lexical inputs is a central problem in Natural Language Understanding (NLU). In this paper, we present Contrastive Aligned Audio-Language Multirate and Multimodal Representations (CALM), an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-09 Vin Sachidananda , Shao-Yen Tseng , Erik Marchi , Sachin Kajarekar , Panayiotis Georgiou

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has become a cornerstone in vision-language representation learning, powering diverse downstream tasks and serving as the default vision backbone in multimodal large language models (MLLMs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chuan Qin , Constantin Venhoff , Sonia Joseph , Fanyi Xiao , Stefan Scherer

Modern sensing systems generate large volumes of unlabeled multivariate time-series data. This abundance of unlabeled data makes self-supervised learning (SSL) a natural approach for learning transferable representations. However, most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yuliang Chen , Arvind Pillai , Yu Yvonne Wu , Tess Z. Griffin , Lisa Marsch , Michael V. Heinz , Nicholas C. Jacobson , Andrew Campbell

A pre-trained visual-language model, contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP), successfully accomplishes various downstream tasks with text prompts, such as finding images or localizing regions within the image. Despite CLIP's strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 YeongHyeon Park , Myung Jin Kim , Hyeong Seok Kim