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Multimodal emotion recognition plays a key role in many domains, including mental health monitoring, educational interaction, and human-computer interaction. However, existing methods often face three major challenges: unbalanced category…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Feng Li , Ke Wu , Yongwei Li

We study the effectiveness of data-balancing for mitigating biases in contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP), identifying areas of strength and limitation. First, we reaffirm prior conclusions that CLIP models can inadvertently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Ibrahim Alabdulmohsin , Xiao Wang , Andreas Steiner , Priya Goyal , Alexander D'Amour , Xiaohua Zhai

Universal sound separation (USS) aims to extract arbitrary types of sounds from real-world recordings. This can be achieved by language-queried target sound extraction (TSE), which typically consists of two components: a query network that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-24 Hao Ma , Zhiyuan Peng , Xu Li , Mingjie Shao , Xixin Wu , Ju Liu

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) is an approach that has advanced research and applications in computer vision, fueling modern recognition systems and generative models. We believe that the main ingredient to the success of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Hu Xu , Saining Xie , Xiaoqing Ellen Tan , Po-Yao Huang , Russell Howes , Vasu Sharma , Shang-Wen Li , Gargi Ghosh , Luke Zettlemoyer , Christoph Feichtenhofer

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) models maximize the mutual information between text and visual modalities to learn representations. This makes the nature of the training data a significant factor in the efficacy of CLIP for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Maitreya Patel , Abhiram Kusumba , Sheng Cheng , Changhoon Kim , Tejas Gokhale , Chitta Baral , Yezhou Yang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, exhibit strong image-text comprehension abilities, facilitating advances in several downstream tasks such as zero-shot image classification, image-text retrieval, and text-to-image generation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Le Zhang , Rabiul Awal , Aishwarya Agrawal

Fonts convey different impressions to readers. These impressions often come from the font shapes. However, the correlation between fonts and their impression is weak and unstable because impressions are subjective. To capture such weak and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yugo Kubota , Daichi Haraguchi , Seiichi Uchida

Current speech encoding pipelines often rely on an additional text-based LM to get robust representations of human communication, even though SotA speech-to-text models often have a LM within. This work proposes an approach to improve the…

Multimodal emotion recognition aims to recognize emotions for each utterance of multiple modalities, which has received increasing attention for its application in human-machine interaction. Current graph-based methods fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Dongyuan Li , Yusong Wang , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

Music captioning has gained significant attention in the wake of the rising prominence of streaming media platforms. Traditional approaches often prioritize either the audio or lyrics aspect of the music, inadvertently ignoring the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zihao He , Weituo Hao , Wei-Tsung Lu , Changyou Chen , Kristina Lerman , Xuchen Song

Contrastive learning has emerged as a transformative method for learning effective visual representations through the alignment of image and text embeddings. However, pairwise similarity computation in contrastive loss between image and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Sachin Mehta , Maxwell Horton , Fartash Faghri , Mohammad Hossein Sekhavat , Mahyar Najibi , Mehrdad Farajtabar , Oncel Tuzel , Mohammad Rastegari

Compared with unimodal data, multimodal data can provide more features to help the model analyze the sentiment of data. Previous research works rarely consider token-level feature fusion, and few works explore learning the common features…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Zhen Li , Bing Xu , Conghui Zhu , Tiejun Zhao

Speech-preserving facial expression manipulation (SPFEM) aims to modify a talking head to display a specific reference emotion while preserving the mouth animation of source spoken contents. Thus, emotion and content information existing in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Tianshui Chen , Jianman Lin , Zhijing Yang , Chumei Qing , Yukai Shi , Liang Lin

Multimodal search has revolutionized the fashion industry, providing a seamless and intuitive way for users to discover and explore fashion items. Based on their preferences, style, or specific attributes, users can search for products by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Prithviraj Purushottam Naik , Rohit Agarwal

Audio Large Language Models (AudioLLMs) have achieved strong results in semantic tasks like speech recognition and translation, but remain limited in modeling paralinguistic cues such as emotion. Existing approaches often treat emotion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Wenyu Zhang , Yingxu He , Geyu Lin , Zhuohan Liu , Shuo Sun , Bin Wang , Xunlong Zou , Jeremy H. M. Wong , Qiongqiong Wang , Hardik B. Sailor , Nancy F. Chen , Ai Ti Aw

Nine language-vision AI models trained on web scrapes with the Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) objective are evaluated for evidence of a bias studied by psychologists: the sexual objectification of girls and women, which…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Robert Wolfe , Yiwei Yang , Bill Howe , Aylin Caliskan

Contrastive learning has emerged as a pivotal framework for representation learning, underpinning advances in both unimodal and bimodal applications like SimCLR and CLIP. To address fundamental limitations like large batch size dependency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Ajay Jagannath , Aayush Upadhyay , Anant Mehta

Improving text representation has attracted much attention to achieve expressive text-to-speech (TTS). However, existing works only implicitly learn the prosody with masked token reconstruction tasks, which leads to low training efficiency…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Zhenhui Ye , Rongjie Huang , Yi Ren , Ziyue Jiang , Jinglin Liu , Jinzheng He , Xiang Yin , Zhou Zhao

Automated Audio captioning (AAC) is a cross-modal task that generates natural language to describe the content of input audio. Most prior works usually extract single-modality acoustic features and are therefore sub-optimal for the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Chen Chen , Nana Hou , Yuchen Hu , Heqing Zou , Xiaofeng Qi , Eng Siong Chng

Recent advances in vision language models (VLM) have been driven by contrastive models such as CLIP, which learn to associate visual information with their corresponding text descriptions. However, these models have limitations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Rim Assouel , Pietro Astolfi , Florian Bordes , Michal Drozdzal , Adriana Romero-Soriano