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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a potent diagnostic tool, but suffers from long examination times. To accelerate the process, modern MRI machines typically utilize multiple coils that acquire sub-sampled data in parallel. Data-driven…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-24 Moritz Erlacher , Martin Zach

The ability to image materials at the microscale from long-wavelength wave data is a major challenge to the geophysical, engineering and medical fields. Here, we present a framework to constrain microstructure geometry and properties from…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-04-19 Wouter Klessens , Ivan Vasconcelos , Yang Jiao

Understanding structure-property relationships in complex materials requires integrating complementary measurements across multiple length scales. Here we propose an interpretable "multimodal" machine learning framework that unifies…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-03 Shun Muroga , Hideaki Nakajima , Taiyo Shimizu , Kazufumi Kobashi , Kenji Hata

Understanding the grain morphology, orientation distribution, and crystal structure of nanocrystals is essential for optimizing the mechanical and physical properties of functional materials. Synchrotron X-ray Laue microdiffraction is a…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-13 Ka Hung Chan , Xinyue Huang , Nobumichi Tamura , Xian Chen

For many materials, macroscopic mechanical behavior is determined by an intricate microstructure. Understanding the relation between these two scales helps scientists and engineers design better materials. The relation which maps…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Arnaud Vadeboncoeur , Mark Girolami , Kaushik Bhattacharya , Andrew M. Stuart

We introduce a \textit{non-modal} analysis technique that characterizes the diffusion properties of spectral element methods for linear convection-diffusion systems. While strictly speaking only valid for linear problems, the analysis is…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-01-30 Pablo Fernandez , Rodrigo Moura , Gianmarco Mengaldo , Jaime Peraire

Despite advancements in electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) detector speeds, the acquisition rates of 4-Dimensional (4D) EBSD data, i.e., a collection of 2-dimensional (2D) diffraction maps for every position of a convergent electron…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-02 Zoë Broad , Daniel Nicholls , Jack Wells , Alex W. Robinson , Amirafshar Moshtaghpour , Robert Masters , Louise Hughes , Nigel D. Browning

We present a simple 'shift-and-add' based improvement in the angular resolution of single electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns. Sub-pixel image registration is used to measure the (sub-pixel) difference in projection parameters…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-12-15 Ben Britton , Tianbi Zhang

Recent interest in structure solution and refinement using electron diffraction (ED) has been fuelled by its inherent advantages when applied to crystals of sub-micron size, as well as a better sensitivity to light elements. Currently, data…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-08-23 Anton Cleverley , Richard Beanland

We consider statistical inference in factor analysis for ergodic and non-ergodic diffusion processes from discrete observations. Factor model based on high frequency time series data has been mainly discussed in the field of high…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-04 Shogo Kusano , Masayuki Uchida

Finding appropriate low dimensional representations of high-dimensional multi-modal data can be challenging, since each modality embodies unique deformations and interferences. In this paper, we address the problem using manifold learning,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-23 Tal Shnitzer , Mirela Ben-Chen , Leonidas Guibas , Ronen Talmon , Hau-Tieng Wu

The routine and unique determination of minor phases in microstructures is critical to materials science. In metallurgy alone, applications include alloy and process development and the understanding of degradation in service. We develop a…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-01-22 T. P. McAuliffe , A. Foden , C. Bilsland , D. Daskalaki-Mountanou , D. Dye , T. B. Britton

Electron diffraction through a thin patterned silicon membrane can be used to create complex spatial modulations in electron distributions by varying the intensity of different reflections using parameters such as crystallographic…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-05-30 L. E. Malin , W. S. Graves , M. Holl , J. C. H. Spence , E. A. Nanni , R. K. Li , X. Shen , S. Weathersby

A novel technique for damage detection of structures is introduced and discussed. It is based on purely electric measurements of the state variables of an electric network coupled to the main structure through a distributed set of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 F. dell'Isola , F. Vestroni , S. Vidoli

In this paper, we consider the nonstationary matrix-valued time series with common stochastic trends. Unlike the traditional factor analysis which flattens matrix observations into vectors, we adopt a matrix factor model in order to fully…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-08-25 Degui Li , Yayi Yan , Qiwei Yao

We discuss the theoretical modelling of x-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) with hard x-ray excitation at up to 20 keV, using the dynamical theory of electron diffraction to illustrate the characteristic aspects of diffraction patterns…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 Aimo Winkelmann , Charles S. Fadley , F. Javier Garcia de Abajo

Autonomous synthesis and characterization of inorganic materials requires the automatic and accurate analysis of X-ray diffraction spectra. For this task, we designed a probabilistic deep learning algorithm to identify complex multi-phase…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-05-27 Nathan J. Szymanski , Christopher J. Bartel , Yan Zeng , Qingsong Tu , Gerbrand Ceder

Understanding lattice deformations is crucial in determining the properties of nanomaterials, which can become more prominent in future applications ranging from energy harvesting to electronic devices. However, it remains challenging to…

Pre-trained model assessment for transfer learning aims to identify the optimal candidate for the downstream tasks from a model hub, without the need of time-consuming fine-tuning. Existing advanced works mainly focus on analyzing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Tengxue Zhang , Yang Shu , Xinyang Chen , Yifei Long , Chenjuan Guo , Bin Yang

The traditional techniques for extracting polycrystalline grain structures from microscopy images, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), are labour-intensive, subjective, and time-consuming,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ahmed Sobhi Saleh , Kristof Croes , Hajdin Ceric , Ingrid De Wolf , Houman Zahedmanesh