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Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive multilingual capability, but their performance varies substantially across different languages. In this work, we introduce a simple yet effective method, called cross-lingual-thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Haoyang Huang , Tianyi Tang , Dongdong Zhang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ting Song , Yan Xia , Furu Wei

Large Language Model (LLM) leaderboards based on benchmark rankings are regularly used to guide practitioners in model selection. Often, the published leaderboard rankings are taken at face value - we show this is a (potentially costly)…

Despite their remarkable ability to capture linguistic nuances across diverse languages, questions persist regarding the degree of alignment between languages in multilingual embeddings. Drawing inspiration from research on high-dimensional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Basel Mousi , Nadir Durrani , Fahim Dalvi , Majd Hawasly , Ahmed Abdelali

We present a benchmark targeting a novel class of systems: semantic query processing engines. Those systems rely inherently on generative and reasoning capabilities of state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs). They extend SQL with…

As language models (LMs) become capable of handling a wide range of tasks, their evaluation is becoming as challenging as their development. Most generation benchmarks currently assess LMs using abstract evaluation criteria like helpfulness…

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) are typically trained on vast corpora of image-text data but are often limited in linguistic coverage, leading to biased and unfair outputs across languages. While prior work has explored multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Ananya Raval , Aravind Narayanan , Vahid Reza Khazaie , Shaina Raza

In this paper, we propose the first multilingual study on definition modeling. We use monolingual dictionary data for four new languages (Spanish, French, Portuguese, and German) and perform an in-depth empirical study to test the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Edison Marrese-Taylor , Erica K. Shimomoto , Alfredo Solano , Enrique Reid

Benchmarks establish a standardized evaluation framework to systematically assess the performance of large language models (LLMs), facilitating objective comparisons and driving advancements in the field. However, existing benchmarks fail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Ziqian Zhang , Xingjian Hu , Yue Huang , Kai Zhang , Ruoxi Chen , Yixin Liu , Qingsong Wen , Kaidi Xu , Xiangliang Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Lichao Sun

With the increasing use of large language models (LLMs), ensuring reliable performance in diverse, real-world environments is essential. Despite their remarkable achievements, LLMs often struggle with adversarial inputs, significantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yuqing Wang , Yun Zhao

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across a range of reasoning tasks, yet little is known about their internal reasoning processes in multilingual settings. We begin with a critical question: {\it In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Zhi Rui Tam , Cheng-Kuang Wu , Yu Ying Chiu , Chieh-Yen Lin , Yun-Nung Chen , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes contexts where their outputs influence real-world decisions. However, evaluating bias in LLM outputs remains methodologically challenging due to sensitivity to prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 William Guey , Wei Zhang , Pei-Luen Patrick Rau , Pierrick Bougault , Vitor D. de Moura , Bertan Ucar , Jose O. Gomes

At the staggering pace with which the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are increasing, creating future-proof evaluation sets to assess their understanding becomes more and more challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Xenia Ohmer , Elia Bruni , Dieuwke Hupkes

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in multimodal reasoning. However, existing benchmarks remain limited in terms of high-quality, human-verified examples. Many current datasets rely on synthetically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Patrick Haller , Fabio Barth , Jonas Golde , Georg Rehm , Alan Akbik

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities across various tasks, they exhibit significant performance discrepancies across languages. While prompting LLMs in English typically yields the highest general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andrew Ivan Soegeng , Patrick Sutanto , Tan Sang Nguyen

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance in linguistic capabilities, robust multilingual evaluation has become essential for promoting equitable technological progress. This position paper examines over 2,000 multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Minghao Wu , Weixuan Wang , Sinuo Liu , Huifeng Yin , Xintong Wang , Yu Zhao , Chenyang Lyu , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown great capabilities in a wide range of tasks, exhibiting state-of-the-art performance through zero-shot or few-shot prompting methods. While there have been extensive studies on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Ruochen Zhang , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Jan Christian Blaise Cruz , Genta Indra Winata , Alham Fikri Aji

Recent advancements in reasoning-reinforced Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning tasks. However, the mechanism underlying their utilization of different human reasoning skills remains poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Nghia Trung Ngo , Franck Dernoncourt , Thien Huu Nguyen

Benchmarks like Massive Multitask Language Understanding (MMLU) have played a pivotal role in evaluating AI's knowledge and abilities across diverse domains. However, existing benchmarks predominantly focus on content knowledge, leaving a…

Large language models (LLMs) showcase increasingly impressive English benchmark scores, however their performance profiles remain inconsistent across multilingual settings. To address this gap, we introduce PolyPrompt, a novel,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Nathan Roll

Generative large language models (LLMs) have been shown to exhibit harmful biases and stereotypes. While safety fine-tuning typically takes place in English, if at all, these models are being used by speakers of many different languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Vera Neplenbroek , Arianna Bisazza , Raquel Fernández