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We investigate the task of missing value estimation in graphs as given by water distribution systems (WDS) based on sparse signals as a representative machine learning challenge in the domain of critical infrastructure. The underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Inaam Ashraf , Luca Hermes , André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

Industrial Control Systems (ICS) underpin critical infrastructure and face growing cyber-physical threats due to the convergence of operational technology and networked environments. While machine learning-based anomaly detection approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Kosti Koistinen , Kirsi Hellsten , Joni Herttuainen , Kimmo K. Kaski

Graph Attention Network (GAT) is one of the most popular Graph Neural Network (GNN) architecture, which employs the attention mechanism to learn edge weights and has demonstrated promising performance in various applications. However, since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Qincheng Lu , Jiaqi Zhu , Sitao Luan , Xiao-Wen Chang

In a variety of applications, one desires to detect groups of anomalous data samples, with a group potentially manifesting its atypicality (relative to a reference model) on a low-dimensional subset of the full measured set of features.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-11-04 Zhicong Qiu , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

Trajectory anomaly detection is essential for identifying unusual and unexpected movement patterns in applications ranging from intelligent transportation systems to urban safety and fraud prevention. Existing methods only consider limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jonathan Kabala Mbuya , Dieter Pfoser , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Anomaly detection is critical for the secure and reliable operation of industrial control systems. As our reliance on such complex cyber-physical systems grows, it becomes paramount to have automated methods for detecting anomalies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Mayra Macas , Chunming Wu , Walter Fuertes

Nowadays, the volume of network traffic continues to grow, along with the frequency and sophistication of attacks. This scenario highlights the need for solutions capable of continuously adapting, since network behavior is dynamic and…

Given high-dimensional time series data (e.g., sensor data), how can we detect anomalous events, such as system faults and attacks? More challengingly, how can we do this in a way that captures complex inter-sensor relationships, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Ailin Deng , Bryan Hooi

Anomaly detection is critical for finding suspicious behavior in innumerable systems. We need to detect anomalies in real-time, i.e. determine if an incoming entity is anomalous or not, as soon as we receive it, to minimize the effects of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Siddharth Bhatia

The transition to microservices has revolutionized software architectures, offering enhanced scalability and modularity. However, the distributed and dynamic nature of microservices introduces complexities in ensuring system reliability,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Lahiru Akmeemana , Chamodya Attanayake , Husni Faiz , Sandareka Wickramanayake

Mobile network operators must monitor thousands of heterogeneous network elements across the radio access network and the packet core, each exposing high-dimensional KPI time series. The scale and cost of incident labelling make supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Sara Malacarne , Eirik Hoel-Høiseth , Erlend Aune , David Zsolt Biró , Massimiliano Ruocco

Anomaly detection in complex domains poses significant challenges due to the need for extensive labeled data and the inherently imbalanced nature of anomalous versus benign samples. Graph-based machine learning models have emerged as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Yifan Wei , Anwar Said , Waseem Abbas , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Anomalies represent deviations from the intended system operation and can lead to decreased efficiency as well as partial or complete system failure. As the causes of anomalies are often unknown due to complex system dynamics, efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Benjamin Lindemann , Benjamin Maschler , Nada Sahlab , Michael Weyrich

Industrial anomaly detection faces significant challenges due to the scarcity of anomalous samples and the complexity of real-world anomalies. In this paper, we propose a foundation model-based anomaly synthesis pipeline (FMAS) that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Wensheng Wu , Zheming Lu , Ziqian Lu , Zewei He , Xuecheng Sun , Zhao Wang , Jungong Han , Yunlong Yu

Recently, graph anomaly detection on attributed networks has attracted growing attention in data mining and machine learning communities. Apart from attribute anomalies, graph anomaly detection also aims at suspicious topological-abnormal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Jingcan Duan , Bin Xiao , Siwei Wang , Haifang Zhou , Xinwang Liu

Graph-level anomaly detection aims to identify abnormal graphs that exhibit deviant structures and node attributes compared to the majority in a graph set. One primary challenge is to learn normal patterns manifested in both fine-grained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Chaoxi Niu , Guansong Pang , Ling Chen

Multivariate geo-sensory time series prediction is challenging because of the complex spatial and temporal correlation. In urban water distribution systems (WDS), numerous spatial-correlated sensors have been deployed to continuously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Ziqing Ma , Shuming Liu , Guancheng Guo , Xipeng Yu

This survey paper presents a comprehensive and conceptual overview of anomaly detection using dynamic graphs. We focus on existing graph-based anomaly detection (AD) techniques and their applications to dynamic networks. The contributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Ocheme Anthony Ekle , William Eberle

We develop a real-time anomaly detection algorithm for directed activity on large, sparse networks. We model the propensity for future activity using a dynamic logistic model with interaction terms for sender- and receiver-specific latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-01 Wesley Lee , Tyler H. McCormick , Joshua Neil , Cole Sodja , Yanran Cui

Spatio-temporal graph neural networks (ST-GNNs) have achieved notable success in structured domains such as road traffic and public transportation, where spatial entities can be naturally represented as fixed nodes. In contrast, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Jeehong Kim , Youngseok Hwang , Minchan Kim , Sungho Bae , Hyunwoo Park