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The maximum temperature and radial temperature profile in a protoplanetary disc are important for the condensation of different elements in the disc. We simulate the evolution of a set of protoplanetary discs from the collapse of their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-19 Min Li , Shichun Huang , Zhaohuan Zhu , Michail I. Petaev , Jason H. Steffen

Planet formation encompasses processes that span a remarkable 40 magnitudes in mass, ranging from collisions between micron-sized grains inherited from the ISM to the accretion of gas by giant planets. The planet formation process takes…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-18 Chris Ormel

Differential settling and growth of dust grains impact the structure of the radiative envelopes of gaseous planets during formation. Sufficiently rapid dust growth can result in envelopes with substantially reduced opacities for radiation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-14 Kristen Menou , Hong Tao Zhang

We analyze heating and cooling processes in accretion disks in binaries. For realistic parameters of the accretion disks in close binaries (with accretion rates from 1e-12 to 1e-7 Msun/year and \alpha from 0.1 to 0.01), the gas temperature…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-12 D. V. Bisikalo , A. A. Boyarchuk , P. V. Kaygorodov , O. A. Kuznetsov

Condensable species are crucial in shaping planetary climate. A wide range of planetary climate systems involve understanding non-dilute condensable substances and their influence on climate dynamics. There has been progress on large-scale…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-22 Xianyu Tan , Maxence Lefevre , Raymond Pierrehumbert

We analyse the size evolution of pebbles accreted into the gaseous envelope of a protoplanet growing in a protoplanetary disc, taking into account collisions driven by the relative sedimentation speed as well as the convective gas motion.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-18 Anders Johansen , Åke Nordlund

The torques exerted by a locally isothermal disk on an embedded planet lead to rapid inward migration. Recent work has shown that modeling the thermodynamics without the assumption of local isothermality reveals regions where the net torque…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Brandon Horn , Wladimir Lyra , Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Zsolt Sándor

We study the interaction of a proto-planetary disk and a planet on a highly inclined orbit in the linear regime. The evolution of the planet is dominated by dynamical friction for planet masses above several Earth-masses. Smaller planets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-23 Hanno Rein

Protoplanets of Super-Earth sizes may get trapped in convergence zones for planetary migration and form gas giants there. These growing planets undergo accretion heating, which triggers a hot-trail effect that can reverse migration…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-12 Miroslav Brož , Ondřej Chrenko , David Nesvorný , Michiel Lambrechts

We aim to investigate the influence of the eccentricity and inclination damping due to planet-disc interactions on the final configurations of the systems, generalizing previous studies on the combined action of the gas disc and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-09 Sotiris Sotiriadis , Anne-Sophie Libert , Bertram Bitsch , Aurélien Crida

Planets that form early enough to be embedded in the circumstellar gas disk accumulate thick atmospheres of nebular gas. Models of these atmospheres need to specify the surface luminosity (i.e. energy loss rate) of the planet. This…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-10 Florian Ragossnig , Alexander Stökl , Ernst Dorfi , Colin P. Johnstone , Daniel Steiner , Manuel Güdel

A common situation in galactic and intergalactic gas involves cold dense gas in motion relative to hot diffuse gas. Kelvin-Helmholtz instability creates a turbulent mixing layer and populates the intermediate-temperature phase, which often…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-05-20 Drummond B. Fielding , Eve C. Ostriker , Greg L. Bryan , Adam S. Jermyn

Radial transport of particles, elements and fluid driven by internal stresses in three-dimensional (3D) astrophysical accretion disks is an important phenomenon, potentially relevant for the outward dust transport in protoplanetary disks,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-03-15 Alexander A. Philippov , Roman R. Rafikov

The primordial internal structures of gas giant planets are unknown. Often giant planets are modeled under the assumption that they are adiabatic, convective, and homogeneously mixed, but this is not necessarily correct. In this work, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Allona Vazan , Ravit Helled , Attay Kovetz , Morris Podolak

Recently, a number of planets orbiting binary stars have been discovered by the Kepler space telescope. In a few systems the planets reside close to the dynamical stability limit. Due to the difficulty of forming planets in such close…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Wilhelm Kley , Nader Haghighipour

ALMA observations of protoplanetary disks in dust continuum emission reveal a variety of annular structures. Attributing the existence of such features to embedded planets is a popular scenario, supported by studies using hydrodynamical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 Alexandros Ziampras , Richard P. Nelson , Roman R. Rafikov

We investigate the transition of a radiatively inefficient phase of a viscous two temperature accreting flow to a cooling dominated phase and vice versa around black holes. Based on a global sub-Keplerian accretion disc model in steady…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 Monika Sinha , S. R. Rajesh , Banibrata Mukhopadhyay

After the initial fast spiral-in phase experienced by a common-envelope binary, the system may enter a slow, self-regulated phase, possibly lasting 100s of years, in which all the energy released by orbital decay can be efficiently…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-26 Matthew Clayton , Philipp Podsiadlowski , Natasha Ivanova , Stephen Justham

We have developed a three-dimensional numerical model and applied it to simulate plasma flows in semi-detached binary systems whose accretor possesses a strong intrinsic magnetic field. The model is based on the assumption that the plasma…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-26 A. G. Zhilkin , D. V. Bisikalo

Planetary growth within protoplanetary disks involves accreting material from their surroundings, yet the underlying mechanisms and physical conditions of the accreting gas remain debated. This study aims to investigate the dynamics and…