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Cybersecurity has become one of the focuses of organisations. The number of cyberattacks keeps increasing as Internet usage continues to grow. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is an alarm system that helps to detect cyberattacks. As new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Tuan-Hong Chua , Iftekhar Salam

Machine Learning (ML) can be incredibly valuable to automate anomaly detection and cyber-attack classification, improving the way that Network Intrusion Detection (NID) is performed. However, despite the benefits of ML models, they are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-27 João Vitorino , Isabel Praça , Eva Maia

Large language models (LLMs) have been serving as effective backbones for retrieval systems, including Retrieval-Augmentation-Generation (RAG), Dense Information Retriever (IR), and Agent Memory Retrieval. Recent studies have demonstrated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jiate Li , Defu Cao , Li Li , Wei Yang , Yuehan Qin , Chenxiao Yu , Tiannuo Yang , Ryan A. Rossi , Yan Liu , Xiyang Hu , Yue Zhao

Modern web applications are dominated by HTTP/HTTPS messages that consist of one or more headers, where most of the exploits and payloads can be injected by attackers. According to the OWASP, the 80 percent of the web attacks are done…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Tikam Alma , Manik Lal Das

This paper proposes a novel non-intrusive system failure prediction technique using available information from developers and minimal information from raw logs (rather than mining entire logs) but keeping the data entirely private with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Dibakar Das , Vikram Seshasai , Vineet Sudhir Bhat , Pushkal Juneja , Jyotsna Bapat , Debabrata Das

Modern machine learning (ML) ecosystems offer a surging number of ML frameworks and code repositories that can greatly facilitate the development of ML models. Today, even ordinary data holders who are not ML experts can apply off-the-shelf…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Zitao Chen , Karthik Pattabiraman

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in software development to generate functions, such as attack detectors, that implement security requirements. A key challenge is ensuring the LLMs have enough knowledge to address specific…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Samuele Pasini , Jinhan Kim , Tommaso Aiello , Rocio Cabrera Lozoya , Antonino Sabetta , Paolo Tonella

With massive data being generated daily and the ever-increasing interconnectivity of the world's Internet infrastructures, a machine learning based intrusion detection system (IDS) has become a vital component to protect our economic and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Zachary Tauscher , Yushan Jiang , Kai Zhang , Jian Wang , Houbing Song

Backdoor attack introduces artificial vulnerabilities into the model by poisoning a subset of the training data via injecting triggers and modifying labels. Various trigger design strategies have been explored to attack text classifiers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Zichao Li , Dheeraj Mekala , Chengyu Dong , Jingbo Shang

Detecting Zero-Day intrusions has been the goal of Cybersecurity, especially intrusion detection for a long time. Machine learning is believed to be the promising methodology to solve that problem, numerous models have been proposed but a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Qianru Zhou , Dimitrios Pezaros

Formal modelling is a powerful tool for developing complex systems. At MongoDB, we use TLA+ to model and verify multiple aspects of several systems. Ensuring conformance between a specification and its implementation can add value to any…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-15 A. Jesse Jiryu Davis , Max Hirschhorn , Judah Schvimer

Object-centric process mining provides a set of techniques for the analysis of event data where events are associated to several objects. To store Object-centric Event Logs (OCELs), the JSON-OCEL and JSON-XML formats have been recently…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Alessandro Berti , Anahita Farhang Ghahfarokhi , Gyunam Park , Wil M. P. van der Aalst

In the past few years, cybersecurity is becoming very important due to the rise in internet users. The internet attacks such as Denial of service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks severely harm a website or server and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Arun Kumar Silivery , Kovvur Ram Mohan Rao , L K Suresh Kumar

The rapid proliferation of network applications has led to a significant increase in network attacks. According to the OWASP Top 10 Projects report released in 2021, injection attacks rank among the top three vulnerabilities in software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Guan-Yan Yang , Farn Wang , You-Zong Gu , Ya-Wen Teng , Kuo-Hui Yeh , Ping-Hsueh Ho , Wei-Ling Wen

The standard ML methodology assumes that the test samples are derived from a set of pre-observed classes used in the training phase. Where the model extracts and learns useful patterns to detect new data samples belonging to the same data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Mohanad Sarhan , Siamak Layeghy , Marcus Gallagher , Marius Portmann

Any exploit taking advantage of zero-day is called a zero-day attack. Previous research and social media trends show a massive demand for research in zero-day attack detection. This paper analyzes Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Ashim Dahal , Prabin Bajgai , Nick Rahimi

Membership inference attacks are designed to determine, using black box access to trained models, whether a particular example was used in training or not. Membership inference can be formalized as a hypothesis testing problem. The most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Martin Bertran , Shuai Tang , Michael Kearns , Jamie Morgenstern , Aaron Roth , Zhiwei Steven Wu

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized various applications by providing advanced natural language processing capabilities. However, this innovation introduces new cybersecurity challenges. This paper explores the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Stephen Burabari Tete

In the era of big data, conventional RDBMS models have become impractical for handling colossal workloads. Consequently, NoSQL databases have emerged as the preferred storage solutions for executing processing-intensive Online Analytical…

System Instructions in Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly used to enforce safety policies, define agent behavior, and protect sensitive operational context in agentic AI applications. These instructions may contain sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Anubhab Sahu , Diptisha Samanta , Reza Soosahabi