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Artificial intelligence has transformed numerous industries, from healthcare to finance, enhancing decision-making through automated systems. However, the reliability of these systems is mainly dependent on the quality of the underlying…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tadesse K. Bahiru , Haileleol Tibebu , Ioannis A. Kakadiaris

Matching methods are widely used to reduce confounding effects in observational studies, but conventional approaches often treat all covariates as equally important, which can result in poor performance when covariates differ in their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-01 Hongzhe Zhang , Jiasheng Shi , Jing Huang

In the age of information overload, professionals across various fields face the challenge of navigating vast amounts of documentation and ever-evolving standards. Ensuring compliance with standards, regulations, and contractual obligations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Shohreh Deldari , Mohammad Goudarzi , Aditya Joshi , Arash Shaghaghi , Simon Finn , Flora D. Salim , Sanjay Jha

Enforcement of privacy regulation is essential for collaborative data analytics. In this work, we address a scenario in which two companies expect to securely join their datasets with respect to their common customers to maximize data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jiabo Wang , Elmo Xuyun Huang , Pu Duan , Huaxiong Wang , Kwok-Yan Lam

A long-standing goal of data management systems has been to build systems which can compute quantitative insights over large corpora of unstructured data in a cost-effective manner. Until recently, it was difficult and expensive to extract…

AI policy guidance is predominantly written as prose, which practitioners must first convert into executable rules before frameworks can evaluate or enforce them. This manual step is slow, error-prone, difficult to scale, and often delays…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Gautam Varma Datla , Anudeep Vurity , Tejaswani Dash , Tazeem Ahmad , Mohd Adnan , Saima Rafi

This paper reviews and proposes concerns in adopting, fielding, and maintaining artificial intelligence (AI) systems. While the AI community has made rapid progress, there are challenges in certifying AI systems. Using procedures from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Erik Blasch , Junchi Bin , Zheng Liu

We design and test an efficient democratic process for developing policies that reflect informed public will. The process combines AI-enabled collective dialogues that make deliberation democratically viable at scale with bridging-based…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Andrew Konya , Lisa Schirch , Colin Irwin , Aviv Ovadya

AI is becoming increasingly common across different domains. However, as sophisticated AI-based systems are often black-boxed, rendering the decision-making logic opaque, users find it challenging to comply with their recommendations.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Niklas Kühl , Christian Meske , Maximilian Nitsche , Jodie Lobana

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers incredible possibilities for patient care, but raises significant ethical issues, such as the potential for bias. Powerful ethical frameworks exist to minimize these issues, but are often developed for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Ion Nemteanu , Adir Mancebo , Leslie Joe , Ryan Lopez , Patricia Lopez , Warren Woodrich Pettine

Synthetic data offers the promise of cheap and bountiful training data for settings where labeled real-world data is scarce. However, models trained on synthetic data significantly underperform when evaluated on real-world data. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Prithvijit Chattopadhyay , Kartik Sarangmath , Vivek Vijaykumar , Judy Hoffman

Creating agents that can interact naturally with humans is a common goal in artificial intelligence (AI) research. However, evaluating these interactions is challenging: collecting online human-agent interactions is slow and expensive, yet…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as tool-augmented agents for multi-step decision making, yet training robust tool-using agents remains challenging. Existing methods still require manual intervention, depend on…

In this paper, we introduce SUTRA, multilingual Large Language Model architecture capable of understanding, reasoning, and generating text in over 50 languages. SUTRA's design uniquely decouples core conceptual understanding from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Abhijit Bendale , Michael Sapienza , Steven Ripplinger , Simon Gibbs , Jaewon Lee , Pranav Mistry

Current large-language models (LLMs) typically adopt a fixed reasoning strategy, either simple or complex, for all questions, regardless of their difficulty. This neglect of variation in task and reasoning process complexity leads to an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yi Wang , Junxiao Liu , Shimao Zhang , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

The systematic assessment of AI systems is increasingly vital as these technologies enter high-stakes domains. To address this, the EU's Artificial Intelligence Act introduces AI Regulatory Sandboxes (AIRS): supervised environments where AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Alessio Buscemi , Thibault Simonetto , Daniele Pagani , German Castignani , Maxime Cordy , Jordi Cabot

Data is a central resource for modern enterprises, and data validation is essential for ensuring the reliability of downstream applications. However, existing automated data unit testing frameworks are largely task-agnostic: they validate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Hao Chen , Arnab Phani , Sebastian Schelter

Tool-using large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in settings where their reliable behavior is governed by strict procedural manuals. Ensuring that such agents comply with the rules from these manuals is challenging, as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Ashwani Anand , Ivi Chatzi , Ritam Raha , Anne-Kathrin Schmuck

Existing approaches to mathematical reasoning with large language models (LLMs) rely on Chain-of-Thought (CoT) for generalizability or Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) for precise computation. While efforts have been made to combine these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xin Xu , Yan Xu , Tianhao Chen , Yuchen Yan , Chengwu Liu , Zaoyu Chen , Yufei Wang , Yichun Yin , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Lu Yin