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High-order extensions of the Hopfield model are known to exhibit dramatically enhanced storage capacity at equilibrium, while their dynamical retrieval properties remain less well understood. In our previous work, we carried out a dynamical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-06 Yuto Sumikawa , Yoshiyuki Kabashima

Continuous-Time Recurrent Neural Networks (CTRNNs) have been widely used for their capacity to model complex temporal behaviour. However, their internal dynamics often remain difficult to interpret. In this paper, we propose a new class of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-11-17 Miguel Aguilera , Daniele De Martino , Ivan Garashchuk , Dmitry Sinelshchikov

This work focuses on the training dynamics of one associative memory module storing outer products of token embeddings. We reduce this problem to the study of a system of particles, which interact according to properties of the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Vivien Cabannes , Berfin Simsek , Alberto Bietti

Although the paradigm of criticality is centred around spatial correlations and their anomalous scaling, not many studies of Self-Organised Criticality (SOC) focus on spatial correlations. Often, integrated observables, such as avalanche…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-08-01 Gary Willis , Gunnar Pruessner

Long-term multi-agent systems inevitably generate vast amounts of trajectories and historical interactions, which makes efficient memory management essential for both performance and scalability. Existing methods typically depend on vector…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Haoran Xu , Jiacong Hu , Ke Zhang , Lei Yu , Yuxin Tang , Xinyuan Song , Yiqun Duan , Lynn Ai , Bill Shi

Spatial self-similarity is a hallmark of critical phenomena. We study the dynamic process of percolation, in which bonds are incrementally added to an initially empty lattice until the system becomes fully occupied. By tracking the gap --…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-13 Mingzhong Lu , Ming Li , Youjin Deng

Continuous monitoring with an ever-increasing number of sensors has become ubiquitous across many application domains. However, acquired time series are typically high-dimensional and difficult to interpret. Expressive deep learning (DL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Iris A. M. Huijben , Arthur A. Nijdam , Sebastiaan Overeem , Merel M. van Gilst , Ruud J. G. van Sloun

We propose dynamic scaling in temporal networks with heterogeneous activities and memory, and provide a comprehensive picture for the dynamic topologies of such networks, in terms of the modified activity-driven network model [H. Kim…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-06-29 Hyewon Kim , Meesoon Ha , Hawoong Jeong

This Thesis explores how tools from Statistical Physics and Information Theory can help us describe and understand complex systems. In the first part, we study the interplay between internal interactions, environmental changes, and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-01 Giorgio Nicoletti

Sequence memory is an essential attribute of natural and artificial intelligence that enables agents to encode, store, and retrieve complex sequences of stimuli and actions. Computational models of sequence memory have been proposed where…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Hamza Tahir Chaudhry , Jacob A. Zavatone-Veth , Dmitry Krotov , Cengiz Pehlevan

We solve the dynamics of Hopfield-type neural networks which store sequences of patterns, close to saturation. The asymmetry of the interaction matrix in such models leads to violation of detailed balance, ruling out an equilibrium…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-06-25 A. During , A. C. C. Coolen , D. Sherrington

Heretofore, neural networks with external memory are restricted to single memory with lossy representations of memory interactions. A rich representation of relationships between memory pieces urges a high-order and segregated relational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Hung Le , Truyen Tran , Svetha Venkatesh

The neural ordinary differential equation (ODE) framework has emerged as a powerful tool for developing accelerated surrogate models of complex physical systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). A popular approach for PDE…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-03-26 Ashish S. Nair , Shivam Barwey , Pinaki Pal , Jonathan F. MacArt , Troy Arcomano , Romit Maulik

In this paper we present the concept of description of random processes in complex systems with the discrete time. It involves the description of kinetics of discrete processes by means of the chain of finite-difference non-Markov equations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Renat Yulmetyev , Reter Hanggi , Fail Gafarov

Temporal networks are an important type of network whose topological structure changes over time. Compared with methods on static networks, temporal network embedding (TNE) methods are facing three challenges: 1) it cannot describe the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Shanfan Zhang , Zhan Bu

Dense Associative Memories or Modern Hopfield Networks have many appealing properties of associative memory. They can do pattern completion, store a large number of memories, and can be described using a recurrent neural network with a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Dmitry Krotov

Forming accurate memory of sequential stimuli is a fundamental function of biological agents. However, the computational mechanism underlying sequential memory in the brain remains unclear. Inspired by neuroscience theories and recent…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-27 Mufeng Tang , Helen Barron , Rafal Bogacz

State of the art deep reinforcement learning algorithms are sample inefficient due to the large number of episodes they require to achieve asymptotic performance. Episodic Reinforcement Learning (ERL) algorithms, inspired by the mammalian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ismael T. Freire , Adrián F. Amil , Paul F. M. J. Verschure

The Dense Associative Memory generalizes the Hopfield network by allowing for sharper interaction functions. This increases the capacity of the network as an autoassociative memory as nearby learned attractors will not interfere with one…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Hayden McAlister , Anthony Robins , Lech Szymanski

Recently, large pre-trained neural language models have attained remarkable performance on many downstream natural language processing (NLP) applications via fine-tuning. In this paper, we target at how to further improve the token…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Mengyuan Zhou , Jian Ma , Haiqin Yang , Lianxin Jiang , Yang Mo