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This paper provides a systematic account of the hidden variable models (HVMs) formulated to describe systems of random variables with mutually exclusive contexts. Any such system can be described either by a model with free choice but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-19 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

Causal representation learning seeks to recover latent factors that generate observational data through a mixing function. Needing assumptions on latent structures or relationships to achieve identifiability in general, prior works often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Kwonho Kim , Heejeong Nam , Inwoo Hwang , Sanghack Lee

Most data sets comprise of measurements on continuous and categorical variables. In regression and classification Statistics literature, modeling high-dimensional mixed predictors has received limited attention. In this paper we study the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Efstathia Bura , Liliana Forzani , Rodrigo García Arancibia , Pamela Llop , Diego Tomassi

We introduce a nonparametric graphical model for discrete node variables based on additive conditional independence. Additive conditional independence is a three way statistical relation that shares similar properties with conditional…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-30 Jun Tao , Bing Li , Lingzhou Xue

Implicit generative models have the capability to learn arbitrary complex data distributions. On the downside, training requires telling apart real data from artificially-generated ones using adversarial discriminators, leading to unstable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 José Manuel de Frutos , Pablo M. Olmos , Manuel A. Vázquez , Joaquín Míguez

A causal query will commonly not be identifiable from observed data, in which case no estimator of the query can be contrived without further assumptions or measured variables, regardless of the amount or precision of the measurements of…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-09 Michael C Sachs , Gustav Jonzon , Arvid Sjölander , Erin E Gabriel

Many forecasting applications have a limited distributed target variable, which is zero for most observations and positive for the remaining observations. In the econometrics literature, there is much research about statistical model…

Applications · Statistics 2023-03-28 Björn Bokelmann , Stefan Lessmann

Models based on assumptions of multivariate regular variation and hidden regular variation provide ways to describe a broad range of extremal dependence structures when marginal distributions are heavy tailed. Multivariate regular variation…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Janet E. Heffernan , Sidney I. Resnick

This paper is concerned with the study of constrained statistical learning problems, the unconstrained version of which are at the core of virtually all of modern information processing. Accounting for constraints, however, is paramount to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Luiz F. O. Chamon , Santiago Paternain , Miguel Calvo-Fullana , Alejandro Ribeiro

Diffusion models are a class of probabilistic generative models that have been widely used as a prior for image processing tasks like text conditional generation and inpainting. We demonstrate that these models can be adapted to make…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Marc Finzi , Anudhyan Boral , Andrew Gordon Wilson , Fei Sha , Leonardo Zepeda-Núñez

An important task in data analysis is the discovery of causal relationships between observed variables. For continuous-valued data, linear acyclic causal models are commonly used to model the data-generating process, and the inference of…

High-dimensional multivariate longitudinal data, which arise when many outcome variables are measured repeatedly over time, are becoming increasingly common in social, behavioral and health sciences. We propose a latent variable model for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-09 Sze Ming Lee , Yunxiao Chen , Tony Sit

Distributional ambiguity sets provide quantifiable ways to characterize the uncertainty about the true probability distribution of random variables of interest. This makes them a key element in data-driven robust optimization by exploiting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-26 Dimitris Boskos , Jorge Cortés , Sonia Martínez

Many high-dimensional data sets suffer from hidden confounding which affects both the predictors and the response of interest. In such situations, standard regression methods or algorithms lead to biased estimates. This paper substantially…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-17 Cyrill Scheidegger , Zijian Guo , Peter Bühlmann

While hidden class models of various types arise in many statistical applications, it is often difficult to establish the identifiability of their parameters. Focusing on models in which there is some structure of independence of some of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-01 Elizabeth S. Allman , Catherine Matias , John A. Rhodes

Data values in a dataset can be missing or anomalous due to mishandling or human error. Analysing data with missing values can create bias and affect the inferences. Several analysis methods, such as principle components analysis or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Sandeep Hans , Diptikalyan Saha , Aniya Aggarwal

We propose a new modeling approach that is a generalization of generative and discriminative models. The core idea is to use an implicit parameterization of a joint probability distribution by specifying only the conditional distributions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Dmitrij Schlesinger , Carsten Rother

Constrained generative modeling is fundamental to applications such as robotic control and autonomous driving, where models must respect physical laws and safety-critical constraints. In real-world settings, these constraints rarely take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xiaoxuan Liang , Saeid Naderiparizi , Yunpeng Liu , Berend Zwartsenberg , Frank Wood

We consider a discrete latent variable model for two-way data arrays, which allows one to simultaneously produce clusters along one of the data dimensions (e.g. exchangeable observational units or features) and contiguous groups, or…

Variable selection, also known as feature selection in machine learning, plays an important role in modeling high dimensional data and is key to data-driven scientific discoveries. We consider here the problem of detecting influential…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-09-24 Bo Jiang , Jun S. Liu