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Multi-agent systems (MAS) leveraging the impressive capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant potential for tackling complex tasks. However, most current MAS depend on manually designed agent roles and communication…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zixuan Ke , Austin Xu , Yifei Ming , Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Ryan Chin , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a promising approach to tackle complex tasks that are difficult for individual LLMs. A natural strategy is to scale performance by increasing the number of agents; however, we find that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yingxuan Yang , Chengrui Qu , Muning Wen , Laixi Shi , Ying Wen , Weinan Zhang , Adam Wierman , Shangding Gu

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models (LLMs) offer a promising path toward solving complex, real-world tasks that single-agent systems often struggle to manage. While recent advancements in test-time scaling (TTS) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Can Jin , Hongwu Peng , Qixin Zhang , Yujin Tang , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Tong Che

We introduce a new Multi-Agent System (MAS) - Allen, designed to address two core challenges in current MAS design: (1) improve system's policy autonomy, empowering agents to dynamically adapt their behavioral strategies, and (2) achieving…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Qiangong Zhou , Zhiting Wang , Mingyou Yao , Zongyang Liu

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and autonomous agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains. However, standalone agents frequently encounter limitations when handling complex tasks that demand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Rennai Qiu , Chen Qian , Ran Li , Yufan Dang , Weize Chen , Cheng Yang , Yingli Zhang , Ye Tian , Xuantang Xiong , Lei Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models promise improved problem-solving through collaboration, yet they often fail to consistently outperform strong single-agent baselines due to error propagation at inter-agent message…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Bohan Lin , Kuo Yang , Zelin Tan , Yingchuan Lai , Chen Zhang , Guibin Zhang , Xinlei Yu , Miao Yu , Xu Wang , Yudong Zhang , Yang Wang

Multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for orchestrating large language models (LLMs) and specialized tools to collaboratively address complex tasks. However, existing MAS frameworks often require manual workflow…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yingxu Wang , Siwei Liu , Jinyuan Fang , Zaiqiao Meng

Large Language Model (LLM)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) enhance complex problem solving through multi-agent collaboration, but often incur substantially higher costs than single-agent systems. Recent MAS routing methods aim to balance…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Di Zhao , Longhui Ma , Siwei Wang , Miao Wang , Yi Kong

Agentic systems, AI architectures that autonomously execute multi-step workflows to achieve complex goals, are often built using repeated large language model (LLM) calls for closed-set decision tasks such as routing, shortlisting, gating,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ido Levy , Eilam Shapira , Yinon Goldshtein , Avi Yaeli , Nir Mashkif , Segev Shlomov

Large language model(LLM)-driven multi-agent systems(MAS) coordinate specialized agents through predefined interaction topologies and have shown promise for complex tasks such as competition-level code generation. Recent studies demonstrate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Siyu Wang , Ruotian Lu , Zhihao Yang , Yuchao Wang , Yanzhou Zhang , Lei Xu , Qimin Xu , Guojun Yin , Cailian Chen , Xinping Guan

Multi-agent systems (MAS) decompose complex tasks and delegate subtasks to different large language model (LLM) agents and tools. Prior studies have reported the superior accuracy performance of MAS across diverse domains, enabled by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mingyan Gao , Yanzi Li , Banruo Liu , Yifan Yu , Phillip Wang , Ching-Yu Lin , Fan Lai

Large language models, employed as multiple agents that interact and collaborate with each other, have excelled at solving complex tasks. The agents are programmed with prompts that declare their functionality, along with the topologies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Ruoxi Sun , Hamid Palangi , Shariq Iqbal , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen , Sercan Ö. Arık

LLM-based agents can autonomously accomplish complex tasks across various domains. However, to further cultivate capabilities such as adaptive behavior and long-term decision-making, training on static datasets built from human-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yuchen Huang , Sijia Li , Minghao Liu , Wei Liu , Shijue Huang , Zhiyuan Fan , Hou Pong Chan , Yi R. Fung

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as reasoning systems, where reasoning paradigms - such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and multi-agent systems (MAS) - play a critical role, yet their relative effectiveness and cost-accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yapeng Li , Jiakuo Yu , Zhixin Liu , Xinnan Liu , Jing Yu , Songze Li , Tonghua Su

Agent systems based on large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in complex reasoning tasks, but building efficient and generalizable workflows remains a major challenge. Most existing approaches rely on manually designed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yanbo Wang , Zixiang Xu , Yue Huang , Xiangqi Wang , Zirui Song , Lang Gao , Chenxi Wang , Xiangru Tang , Yue Zhao , Arman Cohan , Xiangliang Zhang , Xiuying Chen

Multi-agent systems provide a powerful way to extend large language models (LLMs) by decomposing a complex task into specialized subtasks handled by different agents. However, their performance is often hindered by error propagation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zheng Wang , Yuang Liu , Yangkai Ding

Large language model (LLM) agents often suffer from high reasoning overhead, excessive token consumption, unstable execution, and inability to reuse past experiences in complex tasks like business queries, tool use, and workflow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Ruocan Wei , Shufeng Wang , Ziwei Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) in agentic workflows combine multi-step reasoning, heterogeneous tool use, and collaboration across multiple specialized agents. Existing LLM serving engines optimize individual calls in isolation, while…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Junyi Shen , Noppanat Wadlom , Yao Lu

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled remarkable advances in automated task-solving with multi-agent systems. However, most existing LLM-based multi-agent approaches rely on predefined agents to handle simple tasks, limiting the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Guangyao Chen , Siwei Dong , Yu Shu , Ge Zhang , Jaward Sesay , Börje F. Karlsson , Jie Fu , Yemin Shi

The development of autonomous machine learning (ML) agents capable of end-to-end data science workflows represents a significant frontier in artificial intelligence. These agents must orchestrate complex sequences of data analysis, feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yaswanth Chittepu , Raghavendra Addanki , Tung Mai , Anup Rao , Branislav Kveton