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Hybrid Energy Systems (HES), amalgamating renewable sources, energy storage, and conventional generation, have emerged as a responsive resource for providing valuable grid services. Subsequently, modeling and analysis of HES has become…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-19 Tanmay Mishra , Amritanshu Pandey , Mads R. Almassalkhi

The growing electrification of transportation and heating through Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Heat Pumps (HPs) introduces both flexibility and complexity to Active Distribution Networks (ADNs). These resources provide substantial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-30 Savvas Panagi , Chrysovalantis Spanias , Petros Aristidou

Borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) can reduce the operation of fossil fuel-based heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems for buildings. With BTES, thermal energy is stored via a borehole heat exchanger in the ground. Model…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Johannes van Randenborgh , Steffen Daniel , Moritz Schulze Darup

The electrification of powertrains is rising as the objective for a more viable future is intensified. To ensure continuous and reliable operation without undesirable malfunctions, it is essential to monitor the internal temperatures of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Panagiotis Kakosimos

Since the internal temperature is less accessible than surface temperature, there is an urgent need to develop accurate and real-time estimation algorithms for better thermal management and safety. This work presents a novel framework for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-15 Yusheng Zheng , Wenxue Liu , Yunhong Che , Ferdinand Grimm , Jingyuan Zhao , Xiaosong Hu , Simona Onori , Remus Teodorescu , Gregory J. Offer

Thermal Energy Storage (TES) devices, which leverage the constant-temperature thermal capacity of the latent heat of a Phase Change Material (PCM), provide benefits to a variety of thermal management systems by decoupling the absorption and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-01 Trent J. Sakakini , Justin P. Koeln

This paper proposes a detailed optimal scheduling model of an exemplar multi-energy system comprising combined cycle power plants (CCPPs), battery energy storage systems, renewable energy sources, boilers, thermal energy storage…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-11-26 Ashok Krishnan , Bhagyesh V. Patil , Foo Y. S. Eddy

This brief deals with the satisfaction of the daily cooling demand by a hybrid system that consists of a vapour-compression refrigeration cycle and a thermal energy storage (TES) unit, based on phase change materials. The addition of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-08 G. Bejarano , D. Rodríguez , J. M. Lemos , M. Vargas , M. G. Ortega

Efficient electric heat pumps that replace fossil-fueled heating systems could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, electric heat pumps can sharply increase electricity demand, causing high utility bills and stressing the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-13 Elias N. Pergantis , Priyadarshan , Nadah Al Theeb , Parveen Dhillon , Jonathan P. Ore , Davide Ziviani , Eckhard A. Groll , Kevin J. Kircher

The Latent heat storage technology is being used worldwide to bridge the gap between supply and demand of energy. The material store energy during the charging process (melting) and releases energy during the discharging process…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-09-02 Pushpendra Kumar Shukla , P. Anil Kishan

This paper investigates numerical methods for simulations of the short-term behavior of a geothermal energy storage. Such simulations are needed for the optimal control and management of residential heating systems equipped with an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-25 Paul Honore Takam , Ralf Wunderlich , Olivier Menoukeu Pamen

Residential electric water heaters have significant load shifting capabilities due to their thermal heat capacity and large energy consumption. Model predictive control (MPC) has been shown to be an effective control strategy to enable…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-08 Elizabeth Buechler , Aaron Goldin , Ram Rajagopal

This article proposes an offline Energy Management System (EMS) for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs). Dividing the torque between the Electric Motor (EM) and the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) requires a suitable EMS. Batteries…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-28 Arash Mousaei

Increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) and electrification of energy systems necessitates the engagement of demand-side management (DSM) to help alleviate congestion in electricity grid. Heat pump and thermal energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-24 Weihong Tang , Yun Li , Shalika Walker , Tamas Keviczky

The integration of large shares of electricity produced by non-dispatchable Renewable Energy Sources (RES) leads to an increasingly volatile energy generation side, with temporary local overproduction. The application of energy storage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-03-14 Lars Siemer , Frank Schöpfer , David Kleinhans

In office spaces, the ratio of energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting for maintaining the environment comfort is about 70%. On the other hand, many people claim being dissatisfied with the temperature of the air conditioning.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-11 Guillaume Lopez , Takuya Aoki , Kizito Nkurikiyeyezu , Anna Yokokubo

Almost climate neutral buildings are one of the core goals in terms of sustainability. Beside the support of the necessary design decisions for an integrated, interoperable, ecological and economical operation of building energy systems,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-17 Armin Wolf

This paper deals with the problem of cost-optimal operation of smart buildings that integrate a centralized HVAC system, photovoltaic generation and both thermal and electrical storage devices. Building participation in a Demand-Response…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Gianni Bianchini , Marco Casini , Daniele Pepe , Antonio Vicino , Giovanni Gino Zanvettor

Hydrogen-based long-duration electricity storage (LDES) is a key component of renewable energy systems to deal with seasonality and prolonged periods of low wind and solar energy availability. In this paper, we investigate how electrified…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-11 Felix Schmidt , Alexander Roth , Wolf-Peter Schill

Latent Thermal Energy Storages (LTES) can store thermal energy in a narrow temperature range. Therefore, they are favorable for integration into Rankine-based Carnot Batteries. For the design of such systems, simulations based on accurate…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Lauritz Zendel , Chiara Springer , Frank Dammel , Peter Stephan