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Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been explored for integration with collaborative filtering (CF)-based recommendation systems, which are crucial for personalizing user experiences. However, a key challenge is that LLMs struggle…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Chao Wang , Yixin Song , Jinhui Ye , Chuan Qin , Dazhong Shen , Lingfeng Liu , Xiang Wang , Yanyong Zhang

Language representation learning has emerged as a promising approach for sequential recommendation, thanks to its ability to learn generalizable representations. However, despite its advantages, this approach still struggles with data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Minh-Anh Nguyen , Dung D. Le

Recommender systems have seen significant advancements with the influence of deep learning and graph neural networks, particularly in capturing complex user-item relationships. However, these graph-based recommenders heavily depend on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xubin Ren , Wei Wei , Lianghao Xia , Lixin Su , Suqi Cheng , Junfeng Wang , Dawei Yin , Chao Huang

With recent advances in large language models (LLMs), there has been emerging numbers of research in developing Semantic IDs based on LLMs to enhance the performance of recommendation systems. However, the dimension of these embeddings…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Taolin Zhang , Junwei Pan , Jinpeng Wang , Yaohua Zha , Tao Dai , Bin Chen , Ruisheng Luo , Xiaoxiang Deng , Yuan Wang , Ming Yue , Jie Jiang , Shu-Tao Xia

Traditional recommender systems such as matrix factorization methods have primarily focused on learning a shared dense embedding space to represent both items and user preferences. Subsequently, sequence models such as RNN, GRUs, and,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yaoyiran Li , Xiang Zhai , Moustafa Alzantot , Keyi Yu , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen , Mohamed Hammad

The embedding-based representation learning is commonly used in deep learning recommendation models to map the raw sparse features to dense vectors. The traditional embedding manner that assigns a uniform size to all features has two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Siyi Liu , Chen Gao , Yihong Chen , Depeng Jin , Yong Li

With hundreds of thousands of language models available on Huggingface today, efficiently evaluating and utilizing these models across various downstream, tasks has become increasingly critical. Many existing methods repeatedly learn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Richard Zhuang , Tianhao Wu , Zhaojin Wen , Andrew Li , Jiantao Jiao , Kannan Ramchandran

The successful integration of large language models (LLMs) into recommendation systems has proven to be a major breakthrough in recent studies, paving the way for more generic and transferable recommendations. However, LLMs struggle to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Junyan Qiu , Haitao Wang , Zhaolin Hong , Yiping Yang , Qiang Liu , Xingxing Wang

Embedding techniques have become essential components of large databases in the deep learning era. By encoding discrete entities, such as words, items, or graph nodes, into continuous vector spaces, embeddings facilitate more efficient…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shiwei Li , Zhuoqi Hu , Xing Tang , Haozhao Wang , Shijie Xu , Weihong Luo , Yuhua Li , Xiuqiang He , Ruixuan Li

Over the past decade, recommender systems have experienced a surge in popularity. Despite notable progress, they grapple with challenging issues, such as high data dimensionality and sparseness. Representing users and items as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Pedro R. Pires , Tiago A. Almeida

Modern deep learning-based recommendation systems exploit hundreds to thousands of different categorical features, each with millions of different categories ranging from clicks to posts. To respect the natural diversity within the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Hao-Jun Michael Shi , Dheevatsa Mudigere , Maxim Naumov , Jiyan Yang

There is a growing interest in utilizing large-scale language models (LLMs) to advance next-generation Recommender Systems (RecSys), driven by their outstanding language understanding and in-context learning capabilities. In this scenario,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Haohao Qu , Wenqi Fan , Zihuai Zhao , Qing Li

In recent years, recommender systems have advanced rapidly, where embedding learning for users and items plays a critical role. A standard method learns a unique embedding vector for each user and item. However, such a method has two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Yizhou Chen , Guangda Huzhang , Anxiang Zeng , Qingtao Yu , Hui Sun , Heng-yi Li , Jingyi Li , Yabo Ni , Han Yu , Zhiming Zhou

In the large language model (LLM) revolution, embedding is a key component of various systems, such as retrieving knowledge or memories for LLMs or building content moderation filters. As such cases span from English to other natural or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xin Zhang , Zehan Li , Yanzhao Zhang , Dingkun Long , Pengjun Xie , Meishan Zhang , Min Zhang

In today's data-rich environment, recommender systems play a crucial role in decision support systems. They provide to users personalized recommendations and explanations about these recommendations. Embedding-based models, despite their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Ngoc Luyen Le , Marie-Hélène Abel , Philippe Gouspillou

Multi-agent systems must decide which agent is the most appropriate for a given task. We propose a novel architecture for recommending which LLM agent out of many should perform a task given a natural language prompt by extending the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Joshua Park , Yongfeng Zhang

Recommender systems in concert with Large Language Models (LLMs) present promising avenues for generating semantically-informed recommendations. However, LLM-based recommenders exhibit a tendency to overemphasize semantic correlations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Minhao Wang , Yunhang He , Cong Xu , Zhangchi Zhu , Wei Zhang

Recommender systems help users navigate information overload by providing personalized recommendations aligned with their preferences. Collaborative Filtering (CF) is a widely adopted approach, but while advanced techniques like graph…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Qiyao Ma , Xubin Ren , Chao Huang

Industry-scale recommender systems face a core challenge: representing entities with high cardinality, such as users or items, using dense embeddings that must be accessible during both training and inference. However, as embedding sizes…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Petr Kasalický , Martin Spišák , Vojtěch Vančura , Daniel Bohuněk , Rodrigo Alves , Pavel Kordík

Modern recommender systems struggle to effectively utilize the rich, yet high-dimensional and noisy, multi-modal features generated by Large Language Models (LLMs). Treating these features as static inputs decouples them from the core…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jiahao Tian , Zhenkai Wang