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The growing demand for automated graph algorithm reasoning has attracted increasing attention in the large language model (LLM) community. Recent LLM-based graph reasoning methods typically decouple task descriptions from graph data,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Fali Wang , Chenglin Weng , Xianren Zhang , Siyuan Hong , Hui Liu , Suhang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong reasoning capabilities on structured tasks, yet the internal mechanisms underlying such behaviors remain poorly understood. Existing interpretation methods mainly focus on token-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xinnan Dai , Xianxuan Long , Chung-Hsiang Lo , Kai Guo , Shenglai Zeng , Dongsheng Luo , Jiliang Tang

Understanding the purpose of source code is a critical task in software maintenance, onboarding, and modernization. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating code explanations, they often lack grounding in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Ziv Nevo , Orna Raz , Karen Yorav

Large Language Models (LLMs) equipped with external tools have demonstrated enhanced performance on complex reasoning tasks. The widespread adoption of this tool-augmented reasoning is hindered by the scarcity of domain-specific tools. For…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Murong Yue , Zhiwei Liu , Liangwei Yang , Jianguo Zhang , Zuxin Liu , Haolin Chen , Ziyu Yao , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Shelby Heinecke , Huan Wang

Large language models (LLMs) often suffer from hallucination, generating factually incorrect statements when handling questions beyond their knowledge and perception. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) addresses this by retrieving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Shengyuan Chen , Chuang Zhou , Zheng Yuan , Qinggang Zhang , Zeyang Cui , Hao Chen , Yilin Xiao , Jiannong Cao , Xiao Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in processing various data structures, including graphs. While previous research has focused on developing textual encoding methods for graph representation, the emergence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Zhiqiang Zhong , Davide Mottin

Large language models demonstrate strong capabilities in code generation but struggle to navigate complex, multi-language repositories to locate relevant code. Effective code localization requires understanding both organizational context…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Indira Vats , Sanjukta De , Subhayan Roy , Saurabh Bodhe , Lejin Varghese , Max Kiehn , Yonas Bedasso , Marsha Chechik

Large language model (LLM)-based systems are becoming increasingly popular for solving tasks by constructing executable workflows that interleave LLM calls, information retrieval, tool use, code execution, memory updates, and verification.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ling Yue , Kushal Raj Bhandari , Ching-Yun Ko , Dhaval Patel , Shuxin Lin , Nianjun Zhou , Jianxi Gao , Pin-Yu Chen , Shaowu Pan

Evaluations of large language models (LLMs) primarily emphasize convergent logical reasoning, where success is defined by producing a single correct proof. However, many real-world reasoning problems admit multiple valid derivations,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yanrui Wu , Lingling Zhang , Xinyu Zhang , Jiayu Chang , Pengyu Li , Xu Jiang , Jingtao Hu , Jun Liu

Long-context capabilities are essential for large language models (LLMs) to tackle complex and long-input tasks. Despite numerous efforts made to optimize LLMs for long contexts, challenges persist in robustly processing long inputs. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Shilong Li , Yancheng He , Hangyu Guo , Xingyuan Bu , Ge Bai , Jie Liu , Jiaheng Liu , Xingwei Qu , Yangguang Li , Wanli Ouyang , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable in-context reasoning capabilities across a wide range of tasks, particularly with unstructured inputs such as language or images. However, LLMs struggle to handle structured data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jintang Li , Ruofan Wu , Yuchang Zhu , Huizhe Zhang , Liang Chen , Zibin Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) face critical challenges when analyzing security vulnerabilities in real world codebases: token limits prevent loading entire repositories, code embeddings fail to capture inter procedural data flows, and LLMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Ahmed Lekssays

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in processing text data, which has sparked interest in applying these models beyond textual data, such as graphs. In the field of graph learning, there is a growing interest in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Sheng Ouyang , Yulan Hu , Ge Chen , Yong Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at language understanding but remain limited in knowledge-intensive domains due to hallucinations, outdated information, and limited explainability. Text-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) helps…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Larissa Pusch , Alexandre Courtiol , Tim Conrad

Developments in Graph-Language Models (GLMs) aim to integrate the structural reasoning capabilities of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with the semantic understanding of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, we demonstrate that current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Soham Petkar , Hari Aakash K , Anirudh Vempati , Akshit Sinha , Ponnurangam Kumarauguru , Chirag Agarwal

A key challenge in artificial intelligence is the creation of systems capable of autonomously advancing scientific understanding by exploring novel domains, identifying complex patterns, and uncovering previously unseen connections in vast…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Alireza Ghafarollahi , Markus J. Buehler

Graphs are an essential data structure utilized to represent relationships in real-world scenarios. Prior research has established that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) deliver impressive outcomes in graph-centric tasks, such as link prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Xubin Ren , Jiabin Tang , Dawei Yin , Nitesh Chawla , Chao Huang

Recent advances in Large Language Models have demonstrated their capabilities across a variety of tasks. However, automatically extracting implicit knowledge from natural language remains a significant challenge, as machines lack active…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Anna Sofia Lippolis , Andrea Giovanni Nuzzolese , Aldo Gangemi

In modern software development, developers frequently need to understand code behavior at a glance -- whether reviewing pull requests, debugging issues, or navigating unfamiliar codebases. This ability to reason about dynamic program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yunkun Wang , Xuanhe Zhang , Junxiao Han , Chen Zhi , Shuiguang Deng

Transforming a large language model (LLM) into a Vision-Language Model (VLM) can be achieved by mapping the visual tokens from a vision encoder into the embedding space of an LLM. Intriguingly, this mapping can be as simple as a shallow MLP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Benno Krojer , Shravan Nayak , Oscar Mañas , Vaibhav Adlakha , Desmond Elliott , Siva Reddy , Marius Mosbach