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Memory is critical for enabling large language model (LLM) based agents to maintain coherent behavior over long-horizon interactions. However, existing agent memory systems suffer from two key gaps: they rely on a one-size-fits-all memory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Mingfei Lu , Mengjia Wu , Feng Liu , Jiawei Xu , Weikai Li , Haoyang Wang , Zhengdong Hu , Ying Ding , Yizhou Sun , Jie Lu , Yi Zhang

We present an embodied robotic system with an LLM-driven agent-orchestration architecture for autonomous household object management. The system integrates memory-augmented task planning, enabling robots to execute high-level user commands…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Marc Glocker , Peter Hönig , Matthias Hirschmanner , Markus Vincze

Embodied AI agents responsible for executing interconnected, long-sequence household tasks often face difficulties with in-context memory, leading to inefficiencies and errors in task execution. To address this issue, we introduce KARMA, an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Zixuan Wang , Bo Yu , Junzhe Zhao , Wenhao Sun , Sai Hou , Shuai Liang , Xing Hu , Yinhe Han , Yiming Gan

Large language model (LLM) agents are constrained by limited context windows, necessitating external memory systems for long-term information understanding. Current memory-augmented agents typically depend on pre-defined instructions and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yu Wang , Ryuichi Takanobu , Zhiqi Liang , Yuzhen Mao , Yuanzhe Hu , Julian McAuley , Xiaojian Wu

Despite their success in many domains, large language models (LLMs) remain under-studied in scenarios requiring optimal decision-making under uncertainty. This is crucial as many real-world applications, ranging from personalized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Allen Nie , Yi Su , Bo Chang , Jonathan N. Lee , Ed H. Chi , Quoc V. Le , Minmin Chen

Embodied planning requires agents to make coherent multi-step decisions based on dynamic visual observations and natural language goals. While recent vision-language models (VLMs) excel at static perception tasks, they struggle with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Di Wu , Jiaxin Fan , Junzhe Zang , Guanbo Wang , Wei Yin , Wenhao Li , Bo Jin

AI agents increasingly operate over extended time horizons, yet their ability to retain, organize, and recall multimodal experiences remains a critical bottleneck. Building effective lifelong memory requires navigating a vast design space…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jiaqi Liu , Zipeng Ling , Shi Qiu , Yanqing Liu , Siwei Han , Peng Xia , Haoqin Tu , Zeyu Zheng , Cihang Xie , Charles Fleming , Mingyu Ding , Huaxiu Yao

Real-world sequential decision making is characterized by sparse rewards and large decision spaces, posing significant difficulty for experiential learning systems like $\textit{tabula rasa}$ reinforcement learning (RL) agents. Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Hitesh Golchha , Sahil Yerawar , Dhruvesh Patel , Soham Dan , Keerthiram Murugesan

A key objective of embodied intelligence is enabling agents to perform long-horizon tasks in dynamic environments while maintaining robust decision-making and adaptability. To achieve this goal, we propose the Spatio-Temporal Memory Agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mingcong Lei , Yiming Zhao , Ge Wang , Zhixin Mai , Shuguang Cui , Yatong Han , Jinke Ren

Ensuring sufficient exploration is a central challenge when training meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) agents to solve novel environments. Conventional solutions to the exploration-exploitation dilemma inject explicit incentives such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Micah Rentschler , Jesse Roberts

Conventionally, memory in end-to-end robotic learning involves inputting a sequence of past observations into the learned policy. However, in complex multi-stage real-world tasks, the robot's memory must represent past events at multiple…

Recent benchmarks for Large Language Model (LLM) agents primarily focus on evaluating reasoning, planning, and execution capabilities, while another critical component-memory, encompassing how agents memorize, update, and retrieve long-term…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yuanzhe Hu , Yu Wang , Julian McAuley

Memory-augmented LLM agents offer an appealing shortcut to continual learning: rather than updating model parameters, they accumulate experience in external memory, seemingly sidestepping the stability-plasticity dilemma of parametric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Qisheng Hu , Quanyu Long , Wenya Wang

Long-term memory is essential for LLM agents that operate across multiple sessions, yet existing memory systems treat retrieval infrastructure as fixed: stored content evolves while scoring functions, fusion strategies, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Jiaqi Liu , Xinyu Ye , Peng Xia , Zeyu Zheng , Cihang Xie , Mingyu Ding , Huaxiu Yao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong potential as conversational agents. Yet, their effectiveness remains limited by deficiencies in robust long-term memory, particularly in complex, long-term web-based services such as online…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Tiantian Chen , Jiaqi Lu , Ying Shen , Lin Zhang

LLM agents have shown strong performance across a wide range of complex tasks, including interactive environments that require long-horizon decision making. But these agents cannot learn on the fly at test time. Self-evolving agents address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yibo Li , Jiashuo Yang , Zhi Zheng , Zhiyuan Hu , Yuan Sui , Shizun Wang , Yufei He , Bryan Hooi

Intrinsic motivation enables reinforcement learning (RL) agents to explore when rewards are very sparse, where traditional exploration heuristics such as Boltzmann or e-greedy would typically fail. However, intrinsic exploration is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Philippe Morere , Fabio Ramos

Embodied AI Agents are quickly becoming important and common tools in society. These embodied agents should be able to learn about and accomplish a wide range of user goals and preferences efficiently and robustly. Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Rachel Ma , Jingyi Qu , Andreea Bobu , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Despite advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), their integration into language-grounded, human-like embodied agents remains incomplete, hindering complex real-life task performance in physical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Zhili Cheng , Zhitong Wang , Jinyi Hu , Shengding Hu , An Liu , Yuge Tu , Pengkai Li , Lei Shi , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

In e-commerce, LLM agents show promise for shopping tasks such as recommendations, budget management, and bundle deals, where accurately capturing user preferences from long-horizon conversations is critical. However, progress is limited by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zijian Yu , Kejun Xiao , Huaipeng Zhao , Tao Luo , Xiaoyi Zeng