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Molecular optimization is a key challenge in drug discovery and material science domain, involving the design of molecules with desired properties. Existing methods focus predominantly on single-property optimization, necessitating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Aye Phyu Phyu Aung , Jay Chaudhary , Ji Wei Yoon , Senthilnath Jayavelu

Despite deep learning's success in chemistry, its impact is hindered by a lack of interpretability and an inability to resolve activity cliffs, where minor structural nuances trigger drastic property shifts. Current representation learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xiangsen Chen , Ruilong Wu , Yanyan Lan , Ting Ma , Yang Liu

Multimodal molecular representation learning, which jointly models molecular graphs and their textual descriptions, enhances predictive accuracy and interpretability by enabling more robust and reliable predictions of drug toxicity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yingxu Wang , Kunyu Zhang , Jiaxin Huang , Nan Yin , Siwei Liu , Eran Segal

Multi-label classification consists in classifying an instance into two or more classes simultaneously. It is a very challenging task present in many real-world applications, such as classification of biology, image, video, audio, and text.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Thiago Zafalon Miranda , Diorge Brognara Sardinha , Márcio Porto Basgalupp , Yaochu Jin , Ricardo Cerri

Designing safe and sustainable chemicals is critical to combat chemical pollution in our environment. Machine learning (ML) methods have been developed to aid with de novo molecule design. However, data on the environmental impacts of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Coelina Robinson , Franziska Weissbach , Kjell Jorner , Mennatallah El-Assady , Christina Humer

Lead optimization is a pivotal task in the drug design phase within the drug discovery lifecycle. The primary objective is to refine the lead compound to meet specific molecular properties for progression to the subsequent phase of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-22 Siddartha Reddy N , Sai Prakash MV , Varun V , Vishal Vaddina , Saisubramaniam Gopalakrishnan

Molecular optimization is a central task in drug discovery that requires precise structural reasoning and domain knowledge. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating high-level editing intentions in natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Wenyu Zhu , Chengzhu Li , Xiaohe Tian , Yifan Wang , Yinjun Jia , Jianhui Wang , Bowen Gao , Ya-Qin Zhang , Wei-Ying Ma , Yanyan Lan

Molecular discovery, when formulated as an optimization problem, presents significant computational challenges because optimization objectives can be non-differentiable. Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs), often used to optimize black-box…

Recent advances in generative models, particularly diffusion and auto-regressive models, have revolutionized fields like computer vision and natural language processing. However, their application to structure-based drug design (SBDD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yi He , Ailun Wang , Zhi Wang , Yu Liu , Xingyuan Xu , Wen Yan

Understanding and designing biomolecules, such as proteins and small molecules, is central to advancing drug discovery, synthetic biology and enzyme engineering. Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence have revolutionized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Xiang Zhuang , Keyan Ding , Tianwen Lyu , Yinuo Jiang , Xiaotong Li , Zhuoyi Xiang , Zeyuan Wang , Ming Qin , Kehua Feng , Jike Wang , Qiang Zhang , Huajun Chen

Molecular evolution is the process of simulating the natural evolution of molecules in chemical space to explore potential molecular structures and properties. The relationships between similar molecules are often described through…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-28 Kun Li , Longtao Hu , Xiantao Cai , Jia Wu , Wenbin Hu

The fundamental goal of generative drug design is to propose optimized molecules that meet predefined activity, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic criteria. Despite recent progress, we argue that existing generative methods are limited in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-12-17 Julien Horwood , Emmanuel Noutahi

The versatility of multimodal deep learning holds tremendous promise for advancing scientific research and practical applications. As this field continues to evolve, the collective power of cross-modal analysis promises to drive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Yifei Wang , Yunrui Li , Lin Liu , Pengyu Hong , Hao Xu

Multi-objective discrete optimization problems, such as molecular design, pose significant challenges due to their vast and unstructured combinatorial spaces. Traditional evolutionary algorithms often get trapped in local optima, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Nian Ran , Zhongzheng Li , Yue Wang , Qingsong Ran , Xiaoyuan Zhang , Shikun Feng , Richard Allmendinger , Xiaoguang Zhao

De novo molecule generation allows the search for more drug-like hits across a vast chemical space. However, lead optimization is still required, and the process of optimizing molecular structures faces the challenge of balancing structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiebin Fang , Churu Mao , Yuchen Zhu , Xiaoming Chen , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Zhongjun Ma

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence in drug discovery encounters challenges with generalization and extensive training, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promise in reshaping interactions with complex molecular data. Our…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-20 He Cao , Zijing Liu , Xingyu Lu , Yuan Yao , Yu Li

Molecule generation and optimization is a fundamental task in chemical domain. The rapid development of intelligent tools, especially large language models (LLMs) with powerful knowledge reserves and interactive capabilities, has provided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Haoran Liu , Zheni Zeng , Yukun Yan , Yuxuan Chen , Yunduo Xiao

Large Language Models demonstrate substantial promise for advancing scientific discovery, yet their deployment in disciplines demanding factual precision and specialized domain constraints presents significant challenges. Within molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Malikussaid , Hilal Hudan Nuha , Isman Kurniawan

The development of novel pharmaceuticals represents a significant challenge in modern science, with substantial costs and time investments. Deep generative models have emerged as promising tools for accelerating drug discovery by…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Adarsh Singh

Goal-oriented de novo molecule design, namely generating molecules with specific property or substructure constraints, is a crucial yet challenging task in drug discovery. Existing methods, such as Bayesian optimization and reinforcement…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Chuanliu Fan , Ziqiang Cao , Zicheng Ma , Nan Yu , Yimin Peng , Jun Zhang , Yiqin Gao , Guohong Fu
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