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Document Structured Extraction (DSE) aims to extract structured content from raw documents. Despite the emergence of numerous DSE systems, their unified evaluation remains inadequate, significantly hindering the field's advancement. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zichao Li , Aizier Abulaiti , Yaojie Lu , Xuanang Chen , Jia Zheng , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

The rapid advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly enhanced capabilities in Document Understanding. However, prevailing benchmarks like DocVQA and ChartQA predominantly comprise \textit{scanned or digital}…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 An-Lan Wang , Jingqun Tang , Liao Lei , Hao Feng , Qi Liu , Xiang Fei , Jinghui Lu , Han Wang , Weiwei Liu , Hao Liu , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai , Can Huang

The ability to understand and answer questions over documents can be useful in many business and practical applications. However, documents often contain lengthy and diverse multimodal contents such as texts, figures, and tables, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yew Ken Chia , Liying Cheng , Hou Pong Chan , Chaoqun Liu , Maojia Song , Sharifah Mahani Aljunied , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

We introduce VAREX (VARied-schema EXtraction), a benchmark for evaluating multimodal foundation models on structured data extraction from government forms. VAREX employs a Reverse Annotation pipeline that programmatically fills PDF…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Udi Barzelay , Ophir Azulai , Inbar Shapira , Idan Friedman , Foad Abo Dahood , Madison Lee , Abraham Daniels

Document content extraction is a critical task in computer vision, underpinning the data needs of large language models (LLMs) and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. Despite recent progress, current document parsing methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Linke Ouyang , Yuan Qu , Hongbin Zhou , Jiawei Zhu , Rui Zhang , Qunshu Lin , Bin Wang , Zhiyuan Zhao , Man Jiang , Xiaomeng Zhao , Jin Shi , Fan Wu , Pei Chu , Minghao Liu , Zhenxiang Li , Chao Xu , Bo Zhang , Botian Shi , Zhongying Tu , Conghui He

Understanding documents with rich layouts and multi-modal components is a long-standing and practical task. Recent Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable strides in various tasks, particularly in single-page document…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Yubo Ma , Yuhang Zang , Liangyu Chen , Meiqi Chen , Yizhu Jiao , Xinze Li , Xinyuan Lu , Ziyu Liu , Yan Ma , Xiaoyi Dong , Pan Zhang , Liangming Pan , Yu-Gang Jiang , Jiaqi Wang , Yixin Cao , Aixin Sun

Extracting structured information from visual documents (Visual Information Extraction, VIE) is a cornerstone of business automation. While recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising capabilities, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yandi Wang , Libin Zhan , Ziwei Huang , Tiancheng Luo , Yuxuan Jiang , Wang Dong , Leilei Gan , Jun Chen

Unstructured documents like PDFs contain valuable structured information, but downstream systems require this data in reliable, standardized formats. LLMs are increasingly deployed to automate this extraction, making accuracy and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Nick Ferguson , Josh Pennington , Narek Beghian , Aravind Mohan , Douwe Kiela , Sheshansh Agrawal , Thien Hang Nguyen

We propose SelfDoc, a task-agnostic pre-training framework for document image understanding. Because documents are multimodal and are intended for sequential reading, our framework exploits the positional, textual, and visual information of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Peizhao Li , Jiuxiang Gu , Jason Kuen , Vlad I. Morariu , Handong Zhao , Rajiv Jain , Varun Manjunatha , Hongfu Liu

Evaluating whether Multimodal Large Language Models can produce trustworthy, verifiable reasoning over long, visually rich documents requires evaluation beyond end-to-end answer accuracy. We introduce DocScope, a benchmark that formulates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xiang Feng , Jiawei Zhou , Zhangfeng Huang , Kewei Wang , Shanshan Ye , Jinxin Hu , Zulong Chen , Yong Luo , Jing Zhang

Despite the rapid progress of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), their capabilities are inadequately assessed by existing benchmarks, which are predominantly English-centric, feature simplistic layouts, and support limited tasks. Consequently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ketong Chen , Yuhao Chen , Yang Xue

Multimodal document retrieval aims to identify and retrieve various forms of multimodal content, such as figures, tables, charts, and layout information from extensive documents. Despite its increasing popularity, there is a notable lack of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Kuicai Dong , Yujing Chang , Xin Deik Goh , Dexun Li , Ruiming Tang , Yong Liu

Extracting information from academic PDF documents is crucial for numerous indexing, retrieval, and analysis use cases. Choosing the best tool to extract specific content elements is difficult because many, technically diverse tools are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Norman Meuschke , Apurva Jagdale , Timo Spinde , Jelena Mitrović , Bela Gipp

Existing benchmarks for evaluating mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) rely primarily on competition problems, formal proofs, or artificially challenging questions -- failing to capture the nature of mathematics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Cezara Petrui , Kristina Nikolić , Florian Tramèr

Correctly parsing mathematical formulas from PDFs is critical for training large language models and building scientific knowledge bases from academic literature, yet existing benchmarks either exclude formulas entirely or lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Pius Horn , Janis Keuper

Document parsing converts visually rich documents into machine-readable structured representations, forming a crucial foundation for information systems. Although many benchmarks have been proposed for document parsing, they remain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Bangbang Zhou , Hangdi Xing , Yifan Chen , Jianjun Xu , Qi Zheng , Feiyu Gao , Zhibo Yang , Shuai Bai , Ming Yan , Jieping Ye , Hongtao Xie

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming useful in many domains due to their impressive abilities that arise from large training datasets and large model sizes. However, research on LLM-based approaches to document inconsistency detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Nelvin Tan , Yaowen Zhang , James Asikin Cheung , Fusheng Liu , Yu-Ching Shih , Dong Yang

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve near-perfect scores on digital document benchmarks like OmniDocBench, their performance in the unpredictable physical world remains largely unknown due to the lack of controlled yet realistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Changda Zhou , Ziyue Gao , Xueqing Wang , Tingquan Gao , Cheng Cui , Jing Tang , Yi Liu

Students' handwritten math work provides a rich resource for diagnosing cognitive skills, as it captures intermediate reasoning beyond final answers. We investigate how current large language models (LLMs) perform in diagnosing cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yoonsu Kim , Hyoungwook Jin , Hayeon Doh , Eunhye Kim , Dongyun Jung , Seungju Kim , Kiyoon Choi , Jinho Son , Juho Kim

Document-to-table (Doc2Table) extraction derives structured tables from unstructured documents under a target schema, enabling reliable and verifiable SQL-based data analytics. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Yuxiang Guo , Zhuoran Du , Nan Tang , Kezheng Tang , Congcong Ge , Yunjun Gao
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