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While a large body of literature suggests that large language models (LLMs) acquire rich linguistic representations, little is known about whether they adapt to linguistic biases in a human-like way. The present study probes this question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Suet-Ying Lam , Qingcheng Zeng , Kexun Zhang , Chenyu You , Rob Voigt

The Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework introduces a retrieval module to dynamically inject retrieved information into the input context of large language models (LLMs), and has demonstrated significant success in various NLP…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yi Jiang , Sendong Zhao , Jianbo Li , Haochun Wang , Bing Qin

Leveraging users' long engagement histories is essential for personalized content recommendations. The success of pretrained language models (PLMs) in NLP has led to their use in encoding user histories and candidate items, framing content…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Chiyu Zhang , Yifei Sun , Jun Chen , Jie Lei , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed , Sinong Wang , Rong Jin , Sem Park , Ning Yao , Bo Long

Sequential Recommender Systems (SRS), which model a user's interaction history to predict the next item of interest, are widely used in various applications. However, existing SRS often struggle with low-popularity items, a challenge known…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Qidong Liu , Xian Wu , Wanyu Wang , Yejing Wang , Yuanshao Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao , Feng Tian , Yefeng Zheng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling complex dialogue tasks without requiring use case-specific fine-tuning. However, analyzing live dialogues in real-time necessitates low-latency processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Xuanqing Liu , Luyang Kong , Wei Niu , Afshin Khashei , Belinda Zeng , Steve Johnson , Jon Jay , Davor Golac , Matt Pope

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made it possible for recommendation systems to interact with users in open-ended conversational interfaces. In order to personalize LLM responses, it is crucial to elicit user preferences, especially when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Ali Montazeralghaem , Guy Tennenholtz , Craig Boutilier , Ofer Meshi

As the applications of large language models (LLMs) expand across diverse fields, the ability of these models to adapt to ongoing changes in data, tasks, and user preferences becomes crucial. Traditional training methods, relying on static…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Junhao Zheng , Shengjie Qiu , Chengming Shi , Qianli Ma

The emergence of generative models enables the creation of texts and images tailored to users' preferences. Existing personalized generative models have two critical limitations: lacking a dedicated paradigm for accurate preference…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yuting Zhang , Ying Sun , Dazhong Shen , Ziwei Xie , Feng Liu , Changwang Zhang , Xiang Liu , Jun Wang , Hui Xiong

Personalized preference alignment for large language models (LLMs), the process of tailoring LLMs to individual users' preferences, is an emerging research direction spanning the area of NLP and personalization. In this survey, we present…

User profiling is pivotal for recommendation systems, as it transforms raw user interaction data into concise and structured representations that drive personalized recommendations. While traditional embedding-based profiles lack…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Lu Wang , Di Zhang , Fangkai Yang , Pu Zhao , Jianfeng Liu , Yuefeng Zhan , Hao Sun , Qingwei Lin , Weiwei Deng , Dongmei Zhang , Feng Sun , Qi Zhang

Since individuals may struggle to recall all life details and often confuse events, establishing a system to assist users in recalling forgotten experiences is essential. While numerous studies have proposed memory recall systems, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Chia Cheng Chang , An-Zi Yen , Hen-Hsen Huang , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions has become a critical task for safely deploying models in real-world systems. While existing alignment approaches have seen empirical success, theoretically understanding how these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Shawn Im , Yixuan Li

Physically Assistive Robots (PARs) require personalized behaviors to ensure user safety and comfort. However, traditional preference learning methods, like exhaustive pairwise comparisons, cause severe physical and cognitive fatigue for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Keshav Shankar , Dan Ding , Wei Gao

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have opened new avenues for sequential recommendation by enabling natural language reasoning over user behavior sequences. A common approach formulates recommendation as a language modeling…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yu Wang , Yonghui Yang , Le Wu , Yi Zhang , Fei Liu , Richang Hong

Recent research has shown that large language models (LLMs) can achieve remarkable translation performance through supervised fine-tuning (SFT) using only a small amount of parallel data. However, SFT simply instructs the model to imitate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Dawei Zhu , Sony Trenous , Xiaoyu Shen , Dietrich Klakow , Bill Byrne , Eva Hasler

Alignment, endowing a pre-trained Large language model (LLM) with the ability to follow instructions, is crucial for its real-world applications. Conventional supervised fine-tuning (SFT) methods formalize it as causal language modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Yuchen Fan , Yuzhong Hong , Qiushi Wang , Junwei Bao , Hongfei Jiang , Yang Song

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly serve as the central control unit of AI agents, yet current approaches remain limited in their ability to deliver personalized interactions. While Retrieval Augmented Generation enhances LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rebecca Westhäußer , Wolfgang Minker , Sebatian Zepf

Smart assistants increasingly act proactively, yet mistimed or intrusive behavior often causes users to lose trust and disable these features. Learning user preferences for proactive assistance is difficult because real-world studies are…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Ziyi Xuan , Yiwen Wu , Zhaoyang Yan , Vinod Namboodiri , Yu Yang

Large language models (LLMs) show potential as simulators of human behavior, offering a scalable way to study responses to interventions. However, because LLMs are trained largely on observational data, interventions in experiments with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Victoria Lin , Taedong Yun , Maja Matarić , John Canny , Arthur Gretton , Alexander D'Amour

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success, but aligning them with human preferences remains a core challenge. As individuals have their own, multi-dimensional preferences, recent studies have explored multi-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Minhyeon Oh , Seungjoon Lee , Jungseul Ok