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CPUs provide isolation mechanisms like virtualization and privilege levels to protect software. Yet these focus on architectural isolation while typically overlooking microarchitectural side channels, exemplified by Meltdown and Foreshadow.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Oleksii Oleksenko , Flavien Solt , Cédric Fournet , Jana Hofmann , Boris Köpf , Stavros Volos

Many recent IT companies use cloud services for deploying their products, mainly because of their convenience. As such, cloud assets have become a new attack surface, and the concept of cloud security has emerged. However, cloud security is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Sungchan Yi

Indirect prompt injection threatens LLM agents by embedding malicious instructions in external content, enabling unauthorized actions and data theft. LLM agents maintain working memory through their context window, which stores interaction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ruoyao Wen , Hao Li , Chaowei Xiao , Ning Zhang

Although computer-use agents (CUAs) hold significant potential to automate increasingly complex OS workflows, they can demonstrate unsafe unintended behaviors that deviate from expected outcomes even under benign input contexts. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jaylen Jones , Zhehao Zhang , Yuting Ning , Eric Fosler-Lussier , Pierre-Luc St-Charles , Yoshua Bengio , Dawn Song , Yu Su , Huan Sun

A Large Language Model (LLM) powered GUI agent is a specialized autonomous system that performs tasks on the user's behalf according to high-level instructions. It does so by perceiving and interpreting the graphical user interfaces (GUIs)…

Micro-controller units (MCUs) implement the de facto interface between the physical and digital worlds. As a consequence, they appear in a variety of sensing/actuation applications, from smart personal spaces to complex industrial control…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Liam Tyler , Ivan De Oliveira Nunes

As AI agents are increasingly adopted to collaborate on complex objectives, ensuring the security of autonomous multi-agent systems becomes crucial. We develop simulations of agents collaborating on shared objectives to study these security…

AI agents capable of GUI understanding and Model Context Protocol are increasingly deployed to automate mobile tasks. However, their reliance on over-privileged, static permissions creates a critical vulnerability: instruction injection.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Yifeng Cai , Ziming Wang , Zhaomeng Deng , Mengyu Yao , Junlin Liu , Yutao Hu , Ziqi Zhang , Yao Guo , Ding Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly central to agentic systems due to their strong reasoning and planning capabilities. By interacting with external environments through predefined tools, these agents can carry out complex user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Hao Li , Xiaogeng Liu , Hung-Chun Chiu , Dianqi Li , Ning Zhang , Chaowei Xiao

Traditional static cybersecurity models often struggle with scalability, real-time detection, and contextual responsiveness in the current digital product ecosystems which include cloud services, application programming interfaces (APIs),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Oluwakemi T. Olayinka , Sumeet Jeswani , Divine Iloh

Autonomous graphical user interface (GUI) agents aim to facilitate task automation by interacting with the user interface without manual intervention. Recent studies have investigated eliciting the capabilities of large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Zhuosheng Zhang , Aston Zhang

The concept of autonomy is key to the IoT vision promising increasing integration of smart services and systems minimizing human intervention. This vision challenges our capability to build complex open trustworthy autonomous systems. We…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Joseph Sifakis

Artificial Intelligence (AI) planning is a flourishing research and development discipline that provides powerful tools for searching a course of action that achieves some user goal. While these planning tools show excellent performance on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Sebastian Graef , Ilche Georgievski

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into clinical settings presents a software engineering challenge, demanding a shift from isolated models to robust, governable, and reliable systems. However, brittle, prototype-derived…

AI Accelerator (AIA) are specialized hardware e.g., Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), that enable optimal and efficient execution of AI applications and on-device inference. The growing demand for AI applications has led to the widespread…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Datta Manikanta Sri Hari Danduri , Aravind Kumar Machiry

AI systems have found a wide range of real-world applications in recent years. The adoption of edge artificial intelligence, embedding AI directly into edge devices, is rapidly growing. Despite the implementation of guardrails and safety…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Eren Kurshan , Yuan Xie , Paul Franzon

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents are increasingly deployed to interact with online web services, yet their exposure to open-world content renders them vulnerable to Environmental Injection Attacks (EIAs). In these attacks, an attacker…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yitong Zhang , Ximo Li , Liyi Cai , Jia Li

The transition to smart grids has increased the vulnerability of electrical power systems to advanced cyber threats. To safeguard these systems, comprehensive security measures-including preventive, detective, and reactive strategies-are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Omer Sen , Christoph Pohl , Immanuel Hacker , Markus Stroot , Andreas Ulbig

Agentic AI systems automate enterprise workflows but existing defenses--guardrails, semantic filters--are probabilistic and routinely bypassed. We introduce authenticated workflows, the first complete trust layer for enterprise agentic AI.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Mohan Rajagopalan , Vinay Rao

Cybersecurity is being fundamentally reshaped by foundation-model-based artificial intelligence. Large language models now enable autonomous planning, tool orchestration, and strategic adaptation at scale, challenging security architectures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Tao Li , Quanyan Zhu
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