Related papers: Entropic Approach to Critical Materials Assessment
Modern materials science has historically been founded on combining restricted subsets of the periodic table, favoring high-purity, few-element systems. However, the demands of an emerging circular economy, together with the need to…
This paper introduces an approach to gas-like models, from the concept of entropy, using the money stock data of two economic agents, in this case of two countries, which carry out market actions (trading) in two theoretical scenarios: in…
The financial crisis has dramatically demonstrated that the traditional approach to apply univariate monetary risk measures to single institutions does not capture sufficiently the perilous systemic risk that is generated by the…
The paper provides an overview of the theory and applications of risk-sensitive Markov decision processes. The term 'risk-sensitive' refers here to the use of the Optimized Certainty Equivalent as a means to measure expectation and risk.…
Most of the existing classification methods are aimed at minimization of empirical risk (through some simple point-based error measured with loss function) with added regularization. We propose to approach this problem in a more information…
Traditional evaluation of information access systems has focused primarily on average utility across a set of information needs (information retrieval) or users (recommender systems). In this work, we argue that evaluating only with average…
We describe an approach to improving model fitting and model generalization that considers the entropy of distributions of modelling residuals. We use simple simulations to demonstrate the observational signatures of overfitting on ordered…
This paper presents a set of general strategies for the analysis of structure in amorphous materials and a general approach to assessing the utility of a selected structural description. Measures of structural diversity and utility are…
Thermodynamics can be formulated in either of two approaches, the phenomenological approach, which refers to the macroscopic properties of systems, and the statistical approach, which describes systems in terms of their microscopic…
We propose and discuss sensitivity metrics for reliability analysis, which are based on the value of information. These metrics are easier to interpret than other existing sensitivity metrics in the context of a specific decision and they…
The selection of an equilibrium state by maximising the entropy of a system, subject to certain constraints, is often powerfully motivated as an exercise in logical inference, a procedure where conclusions are reached on the basis of…
We establish an algebraic criterion which ensures the strict positivity of the entropy production in quantum models consisting of a small system coupled to thermal reservoirs at different temperatures.
We introduce an experimental method of assessing the vibrational and configurational components of the excess entropy of a liquid over crystal, based on a joined investigation of dynamic and thermodynamic properties as a function of…
Reliability (survival analysis, to biostatisticians) is a key ingredient for mak- ing decisions that mitigate the risk of failure. The other key ingredient is utility. A decision theoretic framework harnesses the two, but to invoke this…
We show how to determine the maximum and minimum possible values of one measure of entropy for a given value of another measure of entropy. These maximum and minimum values are obtained for two standard forms of probability distribution (or…
Importance sampling is a Monte Carlo method which designs estimators of expectations under a target distribution using weighted samples from a proposal distribution. When the target distribution is complex, such as multimodal distributions…
This is the continuation of cond-mat/0505084. Elementary formulas are derived for the flow of entropy through a circuit junction in a near-critical quantum circuit, based on the structure of the energy-momentum tensor at the junction. The…
Employing the stochastic wave function method, we study quantum features of stochastic entropy production in nonequilibrium processes of open systems. It is demonstarted that continuous measurements on the environment introduce an…
A practical use of the entanglement entropy in a 1d quantum system is to identify the conformal field theory describing its critical behavior. It is exactly $(c/3)\ln \ell$ for an interval of length $\ell$ in an infinite system, where $c$…
Entropy production is a universal measure of irreversibility and energy dissipation in physical, chemical, and biological systems operating far from equilibrium. However, quantifying and spatiotemporally localising it in complex processes…