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Research on using Large Language Models (LLMs) in system development is expanding, especially in automated code and test generation. While E2E testing is vital for ensuring application quality, most test generation research has focused on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Takuro Morimoto , Harumi Haraguchi

Automated testing plays a crucial role in ensuring software security. It heavily relies on formal specifications to validate the correctness of the system behavior. However, the main approach to defining these formal specifications is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Hui Li , Zhen Dong , Siao Wang , Hui Zhang , Liwei Shen , Xin Peng , Dongdong She

Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly transformed software development, especially in code generation. However, their inconsistent performance, prone to hallucinations and quality issues, complicates program comprehension and hinders…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Antonio Della Porta , Stefano Lambiase , Fabio Palomba

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, has raised concerns about their potential impact on academic integrity, prompting the need for LLM-resistant exam designs. This article investigates the performance of LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Simon kaare Larsen

Large language model (LLM)-powered assistants are increasingly used for generating program code and unit tests, but their application in acceptance testing remains underexplored. To help address this gap, this paper explores the use of LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Margarida Ferreira , Luis Viegas , Joao Pascoal Faria , Bruno Lima

The increasing complexity and demand for faster, energy-efficient hardware designs necessitate innovative High-Level Synthesis (HLS) methodologies. This paper explores the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to streamline or replace…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Yuchao Liao , Tosiron Adegbija , Roman Lysecky

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate capabilities in code generation, potentially boosting developer productivity. However, their adoption remains limited by high computational costs, among other factors. Small Language Models (SLMs)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Débora Souza , Rohit Gheyi , Lucas Albuquerque , Gustavo Soares , Márcio Ribeiro

LLMs promise to transform unit test generation from a manual burden into an automated solution. Yet, beyond metrics such as compilability or coverage, little is known about the quality of LLM-generated tests, particularly their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Wendkûuni C. Ouédraogo , Yinghua Li , Xueqi Dang , Xunzhu Tang , Anil Koyuncu , Jacques Klein , David Lo , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great promise in generating code, especially when used inside an evolutionary computation framework to iteratively optimize the generated algorithms. However, in some cases they fail to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Niki van Stein , Anna V. Kononova , Lars Kotthoff , Thomas Bäck

Access to large amounts of diverse design solutions can support designers during the early stage of the design process. In this paper, we explore the efficacy of large language models (LLM) in producing diverse design solutions,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Kevin Ma , Daniele Grandi , Christopher McComb , Kosa Goucher-Lambert

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate plausible test code. Intuitively they generate this by imitating tests seen in their training data, rather than reasoning about execution semantics. However, such reasoning is important when…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Philipp Straubinger , Marvin Kreis , Stephan Lukasczyk , Gordon Fraser

Large language models (LLMs) show promise for automating software development by translating requirements into code. However, even advanced prompting workflows like progressive prompting often leave some requirements unmet. Although methods…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jianru Shen , Zedong Peng , Lucy Owen

Test generation has been a critical and labor-intensive process in hardware design verification. Recently, the emergence of Large Language Model (LLM) with their advanced understanding and inference capabilities, has introduced a novel…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Ruiyang Ma , Yuxin Yang , Ziqian Liu , Jiaxi Zhang , Min Li , Junhua Huang , Guojie Luo

Currently, the vast majority of locally deployed open-source large language models (LLMs) and some commercial model interfaces do not support stable tool calling functionality. The existing solution involves fine-tuning LLMs, which results…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Shengtao He

Applications of Large Language Models~(LLMs) have evolved from simple text generators into complex software systems that integrate retrieval augmentation, tool invocation, and multi-turn interactions. Their inherent non-determinism,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Wei Ma , Yixiao Yang , Qiang Hu , Shi Ying , Zhi Jin , Bo Du , Zhenchang Xing , Tianlin Li , Junjie Shi , Yang Liu , Linxiao Jiang

Thinking Large Language Models (LLMs) generate explicit intermediate reasoning traces before final answers, potentially improving transparency, interpretability, and solution accuracy for code generation. However, the quality of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored for their potential in software engineering, particularly in static analysis tasks. In this study, we investigate the potential of current LLMs to enhance call-graph analysis and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Ashwin Prasad Shivarpatna Venkatesh , Rose Sunil , Samkutty Sabu , Amir M. Mir , Sofia Reis , Eric Bodden

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are set to transform how machines process and generate human-like responses by integrating diverse modalities such as text, images, and code. Yet, effectively harnessing their capabilities hinges on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Anwesha Mohanty , Venkatesh Balavadhani Parthasarathy , Arsalan Shahid

Competitive programming, due to its high reasoning difficulty and precise correctness feedback, has become a key task for both training and evaluating the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, while a large amount…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Zihan Wang , Siyao Liu , Yang Sun , Hongyan Li , Kai Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as coding assistants, capable of generating source code from natural language prompts. With the increasing adoption of LLMs in software development, academic research and industry based projects are…