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Recent few-shot methods, such as parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) and pattern exploiting training (PET), have achieved impressive results in label-scarce settings. However, they are difficult to employ since they are subject to high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Lewis Tunstall , Nils Reimers , Unso Eun Seo Jo , Luke Bates , Daniel Korat , Moshe Wasserblat , Oren Pereg

Prompt-based methods have achieved promising results in most few-shot text classification tasks. However, for readability assessment tasks, traditional prompt methods lackcrucial linguistic knowledge, which has already been proven to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Ziyang Wang , Sanwoo Lee , Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Yunfang Wu

Deep knowledge tracing models have achieved significant breakthroughs in modeling student learning trajectories. However, these architectures require substantial training time and are prone to overfitting on datasets with short sequences.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Mounir Lbath , Alexandre Parésy , Abdelkayoum Kaddouri , Abdelrahman Zighem , Jill-Jênn Vie

This paper delves into the pressing need in Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) for Large Language Models (LLMs). While LLMs possess remarkable capabilities, their extensive parameter requirements and associated computational demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Chengyu Wang , Junbing Yan , Wei Zhang , Jun Huang

Reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT) has become a core paradigm for post-training large language models, yet its training process remains highly fragile. Existing efforts mainly improve reliability at the system level or address specific issues…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Lingzhe Zhang , Tong Jia , Yunpeng Zhai , Liancheng Fang , Kening Zheng , Hongyi Liu , Xiaosong Huang , Philip S. Yu , Ying Li

Prompts for pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown remarkable performance by bridging the gap between pre-training tasks and various downstream tasks. Among these methods, prompt tuning, which freezes PLMs and only tunes soft…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yuxian Gu , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Minlie Huang

Deep learning-based fault diagnosis (FD) approaches require a large amount of training data, which are difficult to obtain since they are located across different entities. Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jixuan Cui , Jun Li , Zhen Mei , Kang Wei , Sha Wei , Ming Ding , Wen Chen , Song Guo

Software fault prediction (SFP) is a critical task in software engineering, enabling early identification of faults in modules to improve software quality and reduce maintenance costs. This research investigates the combined effects of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ahmad Nauman Ghazi , Nagajyothi Devarapalli , Ashir Javeed , Sadi Alawadi , Fahed Alkhabbas , Khalid AlKharabsheh

Traditional methods for tabular classification usually rely on supervised learning from scratch, which requires extensive training data to determine model parameters. However, a novel approach called Prior-Data Fitted Networks (TabPFN) has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Quangao Liu , Wei Yang , Chen Liang , Longlong Pang , Zhuozhang Zou

Training models with robust group fairness properties is crucial in ethically sensitive application areas such as medical diagnosis. Despite the growing body of work aiming to minimise demographic bias in AI, this problem remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Raman Dutt , Ondrej Bohdal , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris , Timothy Hospedales

Popular PEFT methods reduce trainable parameter count for fine-tuning by parameterizing new low-rank or sparse trainable weights in parallel to the frozen pre-trained weights $W$. However, these weights are trained from scratch, and there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Suhas G Hegde , Shilpy Kaur , Aruna Tiwari

In this work, we evaluate 10 open-source instructed LLMs on four representative code comprehension and generation tasks. We have the following main findings. First, for the zero-shot setting, instructed LLMs are very competitive on code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Zhiqiang Yuan , Junwei Liu , Qiancheng Zi , Mingwei Liu , Xin Peng , Yiling Lou

While deep learning has achieved remarkable success across many domains, it has historically underperformed on tabular learning tasks, which remain dominated by gradient boosting decision trees. However, recent advancements are paving the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Alan Arazi , Eilam Shapira , Roi Reichart

Few-shot learning and parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) are crucial to overcome the challenges of data scarcity and ever growing language model sizes. This applies in particular to specialized scientific domains, where researchers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jonas Rieger , Mattes Ruckdeschel , Gregor Wiedemann

This paper explores a simple method for improving the zero-shot learning abilities of language models. We show that instruction tuning -- finetuning language models on a collection of tasks described via instructions -- substantially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Jason Wei , Maarten Bosma , Vincent Y. Zhao , Kelvin Guu , Adams Wei Yu , Brian Lester , Nan Du , Andrew M. Dai , Quoc V. Le

Adapting Foundation Models (FMs) for downstream tasks through Federated Learning (FL) emerges a promising strategy for protecting data privacy and valuable FMs. Existing methods fine-tune FM by allocating sub-FM to clients in FL, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Zhaopeng Peng , Xiaoliang Fan , Yufan Chen , Zheng Wang , Shirui Pan , Chenglu Wen , Ruisheng Zhang , Cheng Wang

In the era of foundation models, fine-tuning pre-trained models for specific downstream tasks has become crucial. This drives the need for robust fine-tuning methods to address challenges such as model overfitting and sparse labeling.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Shikun Liu , Deyu Zou , Nima Shoghi , Victor Fung , Kai Liu , Pan Li

Adapting deep learning models to new domains often requires computationally intensive retraining and risks catastrophic forgetting. While fine-tuning enables domain-specific adaptation, it can reduce robustness to distribution shifts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Reza Akbarian Bafghi , Carden Bagwell , Avinash Ravichandran , Ashish Shrivastava , Maziar Raissi

Although supervised finetuning (SFT) has emerged as an essential technique to align large language models with humans, it is considered superficial, with style learning being its nature. At the same time, recent works indicate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ming Shen

Recent advancements in large vision-language models (LVLMs), such as GPT4-V and LLaVA, have been substantial. LLaVA's modular architecture, in particular, offers a blend of simplicity and efficiency. Recent works mainly focus on introducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Yuan Liu , Le Tian , Xiao Zhou , Jie Zhou