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Large Language Models (LLMs) are important tools for reasoning and problem-solving, while they often operate passively, answering questions without actively discovering new ones. This limitation reduces their ability to simulate human-like…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Hong Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed text generation through inherently probabilistic context-aware mechanisms, mimicking human natural language. In this paper, we systematically investigate the performance of various LLMs when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Javier Coronado-Blázquez

Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate substantively relevant content but fail to adhere to formal constraints, leading to outputs that are conceptually correct but procedurally flawed. Traditional prompt refinement approaches focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Alberto Purpura , Li Wang , Sahil Badyal , Eugenio Beaufrand , Adam Faulkner

Layer normalization is a recently introduced technique for normalizing the activities of neurons in deep neural networks to improve the training speed and stability. In this paper, we introduce a new layer normalization technique called…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-20 Taesup Kim , Inchul Song , Yoshua Bengio

Audio large language models (Audio LLMs) demonstrate strong performance on speech understanding tasks, yet their ability to understand paralinguistic information remains limited. To systematically quantify this issue, we introduce…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jiacheng Pang , Ashutosh Chaubey , Mohammad Soleymani

Most large language models (LLMs) are sensitive to prompts, and another synonymous expression or a typo may lead to unexpected results for the model. Composing an optimal prompt for a specific demand lacks theoretical support and relies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zhenyu Zhang , Bingguang Hao , Jinpeng Li , Zekai Zhang , Dongyan Zhao

Temporal expression (TE) normalization is a well-studied problem. However, the predominately used rule-based systems are highly restricted to specific settings, and upcoming machine learning approaches suffer from a lack of labeled data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Akash Kumar Gautam , Lukas Lange , Jannik Strötgen

The popular success of text-based large language models (LLM) has streamlined the attention of the multimodal community to combine other modalities like vision and audio along with text to achieve similar multimodal capabilities. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Debarpan Bhattacharya , Apoorva Kulkarni , Sriram Ganapathy

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive achievements in solving a broad range of tasks. Augmented by instruction fine-tuning, LLMs have also been shown to generalize in zero-shot settings as well. However, whether LLMs closely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Noah Lee , Na Min An , James Thorne

The Large Language models (LLMs) have demonstrated supreme capabilities in text understanding and generation, but cannot be directly applied to cross-modal tasks without fine-tuning. This paper proposes a cross-modal in-context learning…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Dongchao Yang , Haohan Guo , Yuanyuan Wang , Rongjie Huang , Xiang Li , Xu Tan , Xixin Wu , Helen Meng

Large audio-language models (LALMs) are often used in tasks that involve reasoning over ordered options. An open question is whether their predictions are influenced by the order of answer choices, which would indicate a form of position…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yu-Xiang Lin , Chen-An Li , Sheng-Lun Wei , Po-Chun Chen , Hsin-Hsi Chen , Hung-yi Lee

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) are increasingly integrated into daily applications, yet their generative biases remain underexplored. Existing speech fairness benchmarks rely on synthetic speech and Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs),…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Yi-Cheng Lin , Yusuke Hirota , Sung-Feng Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Large audio-language models (LALMs) have achieved near-human performance in sentence-level transcription and emotion recognition. However, existing evaluations focus mainly on surface-level perception, leaving the capacity of models for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wanqi Yang , Yanda Li , Yunchao Wei , Meng Fang , Ling Chen

Large audio-language models (LALMs) unify speech and text processing, but their robustness in noisy real-world settings remains underexplored. We investigate how irrelevant audio, such as silence, synthetic noise, and environmental sounds,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Chen-An Li , Tzu-Han Lin , Hung-yi Lee

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly capable of following instructions and complex reasoning, making prompting a flexible interface for adapting models without parameter updates. Yet prompt design remains labor-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Farima Fatahi Bayat , Moin Aminnaseri , Pouya Pezeshkpour , Estevam Hruschka

In second language learning, scenario-based conversation practice is important for language learners to achieve fluency in speaking, but students often lack sufficient opportunities to practice their conversational skills with qualified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Shuyao Xu , Long Qin , Tianyang Chen , Zhenzhou Zha , Bingxue Qiu , Weizhi Wang

This study introduces a groundbreaking approach to simultaneous interpretation by directly leveraging the predictive capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). We present a novel algorithm that generates real-time translations by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Kurando Iida , Kenjiro Mimura , Nobuo Ito

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities and have been extensively deployed across various domains, including recommender systems. Prior research has employed specialized \textit{prompts} to leverage the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Sichun Luo , Bowei He , Haohan Zhao , Wei Shao , Yanlin Qi , Yinya Huang , Aojun Zhou , Yuxuan Yao , Zongpeng Li , Yuanzhang Xiao , Mingjie Zhan , Linqi Song

We propose WHISPER-GPT: A generative large language model (LLM) for speech and music that allows us to work with continuous audio representations and discrete tokens simultaneously as part of a single architecture. There has been a huge…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Prateek Verma

While both agent interaction and personalisation are vibrant topics in research on large language models (LLMs), there has been limited focus on the effect of language interaction on the behaviour of persona-conditioned LLM agents. Such an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Ivar Frisch , Mario Giulianelli
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