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The growing use of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) like OpenAI's GPT series, leads to disruptive changes across organizations. At the same time, there is a growing concern about…

As large language models (LLMs) become ubiquitous in our daily tasks and digital interactions, associated privacy risks are increasingly in focus. While LLM privacy research has primarily focused on the leakage of model training data, it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Batuhan Tömekçe , Mark Vero , Robin Staab , Martin Vechev

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into daily life through conversational interfaces, processing user data via natural language inputs and exhibiting advanced reasoning capabilities, which raises new concerns about…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Zhuoyang Li , Yanlai Wu , Yao Li , Xinning Gui , Yuhan Luo

When users submit queries to Large Language Models (LLMs), their prompts can often contain sensitive data, forcing a difficult choice: Send the query to a powerful proprietary LLM providers to achieving state-of-the-art performance and risk…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zheng Hui , Yijiang River Dong , Sanhanat Sivapiromrat , Ehsan Shareghi , Nigel Collier

The interactive use of large language models (LLMs) in AI assistants (at work, home, etc.) introduces a new set of inference-time privacy risks: LLMs are fed different types of information from multiple sources in their inputs and are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Niloofar Mireshghallah , Hyunwoo Kim , Xuhui Zhou , Yulia Tsvetkov , Maarten Sap , Reza Shokri , Yejin Choi

As large language models (LLMs) are integrated into sociotechnical systems, it is crucial to examine the privacy biases they exhibit. We define privacy bias as the appropriateness value of information flows in responses from LLMs. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yan Shvartzshnaider , Vasisht Duddu

Human communication is motivated: people speak, write, and create content with a particular communicative intent in mind. As a result, information that large language models (LLMs) and AI agents process is inherently framed by humans'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Addison J. Wu , Ryan Liu , Kerem Oktar , Theodore R. Sumers , Thomas L. Griffiths

Personal large language model (LLM) agents increasingly perform tasks that require access to user data, raising concerns about appropriate data disclosure. We show that relying solely on LLMs to make data-sharing decisions is insufficient.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 James Flemings , Ren Yi , Octavian Suciu , Kassem Fawaz , Murali Annavaram , Marco Gruteser

The number and dynamic nature of web and mobile applications presents significant challenges for assessing their compliance with data protection laws. In this context, symbolic and statistical Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 David Rodriguez , Ian Yang , Jose M. Del Alamo , Norman Sadeh

The widespread usage of online Large Language Models (LLMs) inference services has raised significant privacy concerns about the potential exposure of private information in user inputs to malicious eavesdroppers. Existing privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Ziqian Zeng , Jianwei Wang , Junyao Yang , Zhengdong Lu , Haoran Li , Huiping Zhuang , Cen Chen

Research shows that analysts and developers consider privacy as a security concept or as an afterthought, which may lead to non-compliance and violation of users' privacy. Most current approaches, however, focus on extracting legal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Wilder Baldwin , Shashank Chintakuntla , Shreyah Parajuli , Ali Pourghasemi , Ryan Shanz , Sepideh Ghanavati

Users interacting with large language models (LLMs) under their real identifiers often unknowingly risk disclosing private information. Automatically notifying users whether their queries leak privacy and which phrases leak what private…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Hang Zeng , Xiangyu Liu , Yong Hu , Chaoyue Niu , Fan Wu , Shaojie Tang , Guihai Chen

Motivated by the remarkable progress of large language models (LLMs) in objective tasks like mathematics and coding, there is growing interest in their potential to simulate human behavior--a capability with profound implications for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yuxuan Lei , Tianfu Wang , Jianxun Lian , Zhengyu Hu , Defu Lian , Xing Xie

This work addresses the computational challenge of enforcing privacy for agentic Large Language Models (LLMs), where privacy is governed by the contextual integrity framework. Indeed, existing defenses rely on LLM-mediated checking stages…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Saswat Das , Ferdinando Fioretto

Large language model (LLM) services have been rapidly integrated into people's daily lives as chatbots and agentic systems. They are nourished by collecting rich streams of data, raising privacy concerns around excessive collection of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhen Tao , Shidong Pan , Zhenchang Xing , Emily Black , Talia Gillis , Chunyang Chen

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is an essential subset of artificial intelligence. It has become effective in several domains, such as healthcare, finance, and media, to identify perceptions, opinions, and misuse, among others. Privacy is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Andrick Adhikari , Sanchari Das , Rinku Dewri

The proliferation of LLM-based conversational agents has resulted in excessive disclosure of identifiable or sensitive information. However, existing technologies fail to offer perceptible control or account for users' personal preferences…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Jijie Zhou , Eryue Xu , Yaoyao Wu , Tianshi Li

The rise of end-user applications powered by large language models (LLMs), including both conversational interfaces and add-ons to existing graphical user interfaces (GUIs), introduces new privacy challenges. However, many users remain…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Chaoran Chen , Daodao Zhou , Yanfang Ye , Toby Jia-jun Li , Yaxing Yao

The interactive nature of Large Language Models (LLMs), which closely track user data and context, has prompted users to share personal and private information in unprecedented ways. Even when users opt out of allowing their data to be used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-26 GodsGift Uzor , Hasan Al-Qudah , Ynes Ineza , Abdul Serwadda

While robots have previously utilized rule-based systems or probabilistic models for user interaction, the rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) presents new opportunities to develop LLM-powered robots for enhanced human-robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Dakota Sullivan , Shirley Zhang , Jennica Li , Heather Kirkorian , Bilge Mutlu , Kassem Fawaz