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Large Language Models (LLMs), constrained by limited context windows, often face significant performance degradation when reasoning over long contexts. To address this, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) retrieves and reasons over chunks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jiani Guo , Zuchao Li , Jie Wu , Qianren Wang , Yun Li , Lefei Zhang , Hai Zhao , Yujiu Yang

Unsupervised methods are widely used to induce latent semantic structure from large text collections, yet their outputs often contain incoherent, redundant, or poorly grounded clusters that are difficult to validate without labeled data. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Tunazzina Islam

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have revolutionized numerous research fields, including computer vision and affective computing. As a pivotal challenge in this interdisciplinary domain, facial expression recognition (FER) has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Fan Zhang , Haoxuan Li , Shengju Qian , Xin Wang , Zheng Lian , Hao Wu , Zhihong Zhu , Yuan Gao , Qiankun Li , Yefeng Zheng , Zhouchen Lin , Pheng-Ann Heng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing through their state of art reasoning capabilities. This paper explores the convergence of LLM reasoning techniques and feature generation for machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Dharani Chandra

With the rapid growth of e-commerce, exploring general representations rather than task-specific ones has attracted increasing attention. Although recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have driven significant progress in product…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Junxian Wu , Chenghan Fu , Zhanheng Nie , Daoze Zhang , Bowen Wan , Wanxian Guan , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

As large language models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, their abilities to tackle complex tasks have significantly improved. However, issues such as hallucination and the lack of up-to-date knowledge largely remain unresolved. Knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Lihui Liu

Traditional dialogue retrieval aims to select the most appropriate utterance or image from recent dialogue history. However, they often fail to meet users' actual needs for revisiting semantically coherent content scattered across long-form…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hanbo Bi , Zhiqiang Yuan , Zexi Jia , Jiapei Zhang , Chongyang Li , Peixiang Luo , Ying Deng , Xiaoyue Duan , Jinchao Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in image understanding and generation. However, current benchmarks fail to accurately evaluate the chart comprehension of MLLMs due to limited chart types and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Zhengzhuo Xu , Sinan Du , Yiyan Qi , Chengjin Xu , Chun Yuan , Jian Guo

Mathematical reasoning requires abstracting symbolic rules from visual patterns -- inferring the infinite from the finite. We investigate whether multimodal AI systems possess this capability through FractalBench, a benchmark evaluating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jan Ondras , Marek Šuppa

Process Reward Models (PRMs) have recently emerged as a powerful framework for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large reasoning models (LRMs), particularly in the context of test-time scaling (TTS). However, their potential for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Jiaru Zou , Soumya Roy , Vinay Kumar Verma , Ziyi Wang , David Wipf , Pan Lu , Sumit Negi , James Zou , Jingrui He

There emerges a promising trend of using large language models (LLMs) to generate code-like plans for complex inference tasks such as visual reasoning. This paradigm, known as LLM-based planning, provides flexibility in problem solving and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Pengbo Hu , Ji Qi , Xingyu Li , Hong Li , Xinqi Wang , Bing Quan , Ruiyu Wang , Yi Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in general-purpose machine translation, but their effectiveness in complex, domain-sensitive translation tasks remains underexplored. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongshi Ye , Biao Fu , Chongxuan Huang , Yidong Chen , Xiaodong Shi

We introduce FinMMDocR, a novel bilingual multimodal benchmark for evaluating multimodal large language models (MLLMs) on real-world financial numerical reasoning. Compared to existing benchmarks, our work delivers three major advancements.…

Recent advancements in large reasoning models (LRMs) have introduced an intermediate "thinking" process prior to generating final answers, improving their reasoning capabilities on complex downstream tasks. However, the potential of LRMs as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Runzhe Zhan , Zhihong Huang , Xinyi Yang , Lidia S. Chao , Min Yang , Derek F. Wong

Despite the recent advancement in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, most retrieval methodologies are often developed for factual retrieval, which assumes query and positive documents are semantically similar. In this paper, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Luo Ji , Feixiang Guo , Teng Chen , Qingqing Gu , Xiaoyu Wang , Ningyuan Xi , Yihong Wang , Peng Yu , Yue Zhao , Hongyang Lei , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen

Accurate chart comprehension represents a critical challenge in advancing multimodal learning systems, as extensive information is compressed into structured visual representations. However, existing vision-language models (VLMs) frequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xin Zhang , Xingyu Li , Rongguang Wang , Ruizhong Miao , Zheng Wang , Dan Roth , Chenyang Li

Symbolic regression is a fundamental tool for discovering interpretable mathematical expressions from data, with broad applications across scientific and engineering domains. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Runxiang Wang , Boxiao Wang , Kai Li , Yifan Zhang , Jian Cheng

The recent advancements in Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated progress toward true intelligence requiring robust reasoning capabilities. Beyond pattern recognition, linguistic reasoning must integrate with visual comprehension,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yunfei Bai , Amit Dhanda , Shekhar Jain

In this work, we propose Reinforced Functional Token Tuning (RFTT), a novel reinforced fine-tuning framework that empowers Large Language Models (LLMs) with self-play learn-to-reason capabilities. Unlike prior prompt-driven reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Kongcheng Zhang , Qi Yao , Baisheng Lai , Jiaxing Huang , Wenkai Fang , Dacheng Tao , Mingli Song , Shunyu Liu

Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) improves the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) but it struggles with unstable exploration. We propose FR3E (First Return, Entropy-Eliciting Explore), a structured…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Tianyu Zheng , Tianshun Xing , Qingshui Gu , Taoran Liang , Xingwei Qu , Xin Zhou , Yizhi Li , Zhoufutu Wen , Chenghua Lin , Wenhao Huang , Qian Liu , Ge Zhang , Zejun Ma