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Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards have been increasingly adopted by organizations to demonstrate accountability towards ethical, social, and sustainability goals. However, generating ESG reports that align with these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Thong Hoang , Mykhailo Klymenko , Xiwei Xu , Shidong Pan , Yi Ding , Xushuo Tang , Zhengyi Yang , Jieke Shi , David Lo

We present ESGBench, a benchmark dataset and evaluation framework designed to assess explainable ESG question answering systems using corporate sustainability reports. The benchmark consists of domain-grounded questions across multiple ESG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Sherine George , Nithish Saji

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reports are essential for evaluating sustainability practices, ensuring regulatory compliance, and promoting financial transparency. However, these documents are often lengthy, structurally…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Lei Zhang , Xin Zhou , Chaoyue He , Di Wang , Yi Wu , Hong Xu , Wei Liu , Chunyan Miao

We introduce ESGenius, a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating and enhancing the proficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) and sustainability-focused question answering. ESGenius comprises…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Chaoyue He , Xin Zhou , Yi Wu , Xinjia Yu , Yan Zhang , Lei Zhang , Di Wang , Shengfei Lyu , Hong Xu , Xiaoqiao Wang , Wei Liu , Chunyan Miao

The integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into corporate decision-making is a fundamental aspect of sustainable finance. However, ensuring that business practices align with evolving regulatory frameworks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Mattia Birti , Andrea Maurino , Francesco Osborne

This study presents a novel, AI-driven framework for assessing Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance in European small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). An initial phase established expert-validated ESG baseline scores…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Viet Trinh , Tan Nguyen , Minh-Huyen Phan , Quan Luu

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reports are central to investment decision-making, yet their length, heterogeneous content, and lack of standardized structure make manual analysis costly and inconsistent. We present ESGLens, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Tsung-Yu Yang , Meng-Chi Chen

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reports have become central to how companies communicate climate risk, social impact, and governance practices, yet they are still published primarily as long, heterogeneous PDF documents. This…

As corporate responsibility increasingly incorporates environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria, ESG reporting is becoming a legal requirement in many regions and a key channel for documenting sustainability practices and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Siqi Sun , Ben Peng Wu , Mali Jin , Peizhen Bai , Hanpei Zhang , Xingyi Song

Large language model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly applied to complex strategic environments that demand long-horizon reasoning, multi-agent interaction, and decision-making under uncertainty. However, common existing benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenjie Tang , Yuan Zhou , Erqiang Xu , Keyan Cheng , Minne Li , Liquan Xiao

Evaluation insights are limited by the availability of high-quality benchmarks. As models evolve, there is a need to create benchmarks that can measure progress on new and complex generative capabilities. However, manually creating new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Natasha Butt , Varun Chandrasekaran , Neel Joshi , Besmira Nushi , Vidhisha Balachandran

ESGReveal is an innovative method proposed for efficiently extracting and analyzing Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) data from corporate reports, catering to the critical need for reliable ESG information retrieval. This approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Yi Zou , Mengying Shi , Zhongjie Chen , Zhu Deng , ZongXiong Lei , Zihan Zeng , Shiming Yang , HongXiang Tong , Lei Xiao , Wenwen Zhou

Engineering problem solving is central to real-world decision-making, requiring mathematical formulations that not only represent complex problems but also produce feasible solutions under data and physical constraints. Unlike mathematical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xiyuan Zhou , Ruixi Zou , Xinlei Wang , Yuheng Cheng , Yan Xu , Junhua Zhao , Jinjin Gu

The rapid growth of the financial sector and the rising focus on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) considerations highlight the need for advanced NLP tools. However, open-source LLMs proficient in both finance and ESG domains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Qilong Wu , Xiaoneng Xiang , Hejia Huang , Xuan Wang , Yeo Wei Jie , Ranjan Satapathy , Ricardo Shirota Filho , Bharadwaj Veeravalli

With the ever-growing urgency of sustainability in the economy and society, and the massive stream of information that comes with it, consumers need reliable access to that information. To address this need, companies began publishing so…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Benjamin Josef Schüßler , Jakob Prange

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering has driven a transition from traditional rule-based systems to autonomous agentic systems capable of solving complex problems. However, systematic progress is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jiale Guo , Suizhi Huang , Mei Li , Dong Huang , Xingsheng Chen , Regina Zhang , Zhijiang Guo , Han Yu , Siu-Ming Yiu , Pietro Lio , Kwok-Yan Lam

Evaluating corporate sustainability performance is essential to drive sustainable business practices, amid the need for a more sustainable economy. However, this is hindered by the complexity and volume of corporate sustainability data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Keane Ong , Rui Mao , Deeksha Varshney , Frank Xing , Ranjan Satapathy , Johan Sulaeman , Erik Cambria , Gianmarco Mengaldo

Recent advancements have underscored the potential of large language model (LLM)-based agents in financial decision-making. Despite this progress, the field currently encounters two main challenges: (1) the lack of a comprehensive LLM agent…

Climate research is pivotal for mitigating global environmental crises, yet the accelerating volume of multi-scale datasets and the complexity of analytical tools have created significant bottlenecks, constraining scientific discovery to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hao Wang , Jindong Han , Wei Fan , Hao Liu

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has emerged as a transformative force in financial analysis and the finance industry, though significant questions remain about the full capabilities of Large Language Model (LLM) agents in this…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Antoine Bigeard , Langston Nashold , Rayan Krishnan , Shirley Wu
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