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While large language models (LLMs) have shown to perform well on monolingual mathematical and commonsense reasoning, they remain unreliable for multilingual medical reasoning applications, hindering their deployment in multilingual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Eric Onyame , Akash Ghosh , Subhadip Baidya , Sriparna Saha , Xiuying Chen , Chirag Agarwal

Multilingual reasoning remains a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs), with performance disproportionately favoring high-resource languages. Drawing inspiration from cognitive neuroscience, which suggests that human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Weixiang Zhao , Jiahe Guo , Yang Deng , Tongtong Wu , Wenxuan Zhang , Yulin Hu , Xingyu Sui , Yanyan Zhao , Wanxiang Che , Bing Qin , Tat-Seng Chua , Ting Liu

Medical vision-language models (VLMs) show strong performance on radiology tasks but often produce fluent yet weakly grounded conclusions due to over-reliance on a dominant modality. We introduce a context-aligned reasoning framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Sumra Khan , Sagar Chhabriya , Aizan Zafar , Sheeraz Arif , Amgad Muneer , Anas Zafar , Shaina Raza , Rizwan Qureshi

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on medical exam-style tasks, motivating growing interest in their deployment in real-world clinical settings. However, clinical decision-making is inherently safety-critical,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Xiaohan Ren , Chenxiao Fan , Wenyin Ma , Hongliang He , Chongming Gao , Xiaoyan Zhao , Fuli Feng

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) still exhibit large performance gaps between English and other languages, yet much current work assumes these gaps can be closed simply by making reasoning in every language resemble English reasoning. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Dayeon Ki , Kevin Duh , Marine Carpuat

Large language models (LLMs) show increasing promise in medical applications, but their ability to detect and correct errors in clinical texts -- a prerequisite for safe deployment -- remains under-evaluated, particularly beyond English. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Naoto Iwase , Hiroki Okuyama , Junichiro Iwasawa

While reasoning and multilingual capabilities in language models (LMs) have achieved remarkable progress in recent years, their integration into a unified paradigm - multilingual reasoning - is at a nascent stage. Multilingual reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Akash Ghosh , Debayan Datta , Sriparna Saha , Chirag Agarwal

Reasoning capabilities are crucial for Large Language Models (LLMs), yet a notable gap exists between English and non-English languages. To bridge this disparity, some works fine-tune LLMs to relearn reasoning capabilities in non-English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zixian Huang , Wenhao Zhu , Gong Cheng , Lei Li , Fei Yuan

Reasoning-based large language models have excelled in mathematics and programming, yet their potential in knowledge-intensive medical question answering remains underexplored and insufficiently validated in clinical contexts. To bridge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yu Sun , Xingyu Qian , Weiwen Xu , Hao Zhang , Chenghao Xiao , Long Li , Deli Zhao , Wenbing Huang , Tingyang Xu , Qifeng Bai , Yu Rong

Medical image segmentation is crucial for clinical diagnosis, yet existing models are limited by their reliance on explicit human instructions and lack the active reasoning capabilities to understand complex clinical questions. While recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yu Huang , Zelin Peng , Yichen Zhao , Piao Yang , Xiaokang Yang , Wei Shen

Recent advancements in multimodal reasoning have largely overlooked the audio modality. We introduce Audio-Reasoner, a large-scale audio language model for deep reasoning in audio tasks. We meticulously curated a large-scale and diverse…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Zhifei Xie , Mingbao Lin , Zihang Liu , Pengcheng Wu , Shuicheng Yan , Chunyan Miao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential of facilitating the development of Artificial Intelligence technology to assist medical experts for interactive decision support, which has been demonstrated by their competitive performances…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Iñigo Alonso , Maite Oronoz , Rodrigo Agerri

Diagnostic prediction and clinical reasoning are critical tasks in healthcare applications. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in commonsense reasoning, they still struggle with diagnostic reasoning due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yimin Deng , Zhenxi Lin , Yejing Wang , Guoshuai Zhao , Pengyue Jia , Zichuan Fu , Derong Xu , Yefeng Zheng , Xiangyu Zhao , Li Zhu , Xian Wu , Xueming Qian

Incentivizing the reasoning ability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is essential for medical applications to transparently analyze medical scans and provide reliable diagnosis. However, existing medical MLLMs rely solely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Lehan Wang , Yi Qin , Honglong Yang , Xiaomeng Li

Answering complex medical questions requires not only domain expertise and patient-specific information, but also structured and multi-perspective reasoning. Existing multi-agent approaches often rely on fixed roles or shallow interaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Siqi Ma , Jiajie Huang , Fan Zhang , Yue Shen , Jinlin Wu , Guohui Fan , Zhu Zhang , Zelin Zang

Recent proprietary models (e.g., o3) have begun to demonstrate strong multimodal reasoning capabilities. Yet, most existing open-source research concentrates on training text-only reasoning models, with evaluations limited to mainly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Qianchu Liu , Sheng Zhang , Guanghui Qin , Timothy Ossowski , Yu Gu , Ying Jin , Sid Kiblawi , Sam Preston , Mu Wei , Paul Vozila , Tristan Naumann , Hoifung Poon

Accurately grounding regions of interest (ROIs) is critical for diagnosis and treatment planning in medical imaging. While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) combine visual perception with natural language, current medical-grounding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Zhonghao Yan , Muxi Diao , Yuxuan Yang , Ruoyan Jing , Jiayuan Xu , Kaizhou Zhang , Lele Yang , Yanxi Liu , Kongming Liang , Zhanyu Ma

How the brain supports language across different languages is a basic question in neuroscience and a useful test for multilingual artificial intelligence. Neuroimaging has identified language-responsive brain regions across languages, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yang Cui , Jingyuan Sun , Yizheng Sun , Yifan Wang , Yunhao Zhang , Jixing Li , Shaonan Wang , Hongpeng Zhou , John Hale , Chengqing Zong , Goran Nenadic

The development of open-source, multilingual medical language models can benefit a wide, linguistically diverse audience from different regions. To promote this domain, we present contributions from the following: First, we construct a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Pengcheng Qiu , Chaoyi Wu , Xiaoman Zhang , Weixiong Lin , Haicheng Wang , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

Languages encode distinct abstractions and inductive priors, yet most large language models (LLMs) overlook this diversity by reasoning in a single dominant language. In this work, we introduce x1, a family of reasoning models that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yangfan Ye , Xiaocheng Feng , Xiachong Feng , Yichong Huang , Zekun Yuan , Lei Huang , Weitao Ma , Qichen Hong , Yunfei Lu , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin
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