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Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two distant parties to share encryption keys with security based on physical laws. Experimentally, it has been implemented with optical means, achieving key rates of 1.26 Megabit/s over 50 kilometres…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-19 Marco Lucamarini , Zhiliang Yuan , James F. Dynes , Andrew J. Shields

We investigate the security of generalized quantum multiple-access channels. We provide the formula for the achievable rate region of secure communication in the scenario of two senders and a single receiver. We explicitly specify a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-28 Tamoghna Das , Karol Horodecki , Robert Pisarczyk

Recently Xia and Song [Phys. Lett. A (In press)] have proposed a controlled quantum secure direct communication (CQSDC) protocol. They claimed that in their protocol only with the help of the controller Charlie, the receiver Alice can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jun Liu , Zhan-jun Zhang

Covert quantum communication is usually analyzed under idealized assumptions that channel parameters, such as transmissivity and background noise, are perfectly known and constant. In realistic optical links, including satellite, fiber, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Abbas Arghavani , Alessandro V. Papadopoulos , Vahid Azimi Mousolou , Giuseppe Nebbione , Shahid Raza

In a gauge theory, a collection of kinematical degrees of freedom is used to redundantly describe a smaller amount of gauge-invariant information. In a quantum error correcting code (QECC), a collection of computational degrees of freedom…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Sylvain Carrozza , Aidan Chatwin-Davies , Philipp A. Hoehn , Fabio M. Mele

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) provides us a powerful approach to resist all attacks at detection side. Besides the unconditional security, people also seek for high key generation rate, but MDI-QKD has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-22 Yu-Fei Yan , Lan Zhou , Wei Zhong , Yu-Bo Sheng

Quantum communication technologies capable of operating reliably across heterogeneous optical channels are essential for scalable metropolitan quantum networks. Here we demonstrate high-dimensional time-bin-encoded quantum key distribution…

Despite the enormous theoretical and experimental progress made so far in quantum key distribution (QKD), the security of most existing QKD implementations is not rigorously established yet. A critical obstacle is that almost all existing…

In conventional quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, security is guaranteed by estimating the amount of leaked information through monitoring signal disturbance, which, in practice, is generally caused by environmental noise and device…

The reliable provision of entangled qubits is an essential precondition in a variety of schemes for distributed quantum computing. This is challenged by multiple nuisances, such as errors during the transmission over quantum links, but also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Lorenzo Valentini , René Bødker Christensen , Petar Popovski , Marco Chiani

Quantum communication networks (QCNs) utilize quantum mechanics for secure information transmission, but the reliance on fragile and expensive photonic quantum resources renders QCN resource optimization challenging. Unlike prior QCN works…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Mahdi Chehimi , Christina Chaccour , Christo Kurisummoottil Thomas , Walid Saad

We propose quantum cryptographic protocols to secretly communicate a reference frame- unspeakable information in the sense it cannot be encoded into a string of bits. Two distant parties can secretly align their Cartesian axes by exchanging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-22 Giulio Chiribella , Lorenzo Maccone , Paolo Perinotti

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) can eliminate all detector side channels and it is practical with current technology. Previous implementations of MDI-QKD all use two symmetric channels with similar losses.…

Quantum communication complexity studies the efficiency of information communication (that is, the minimum amount of communication required to achieve a certain task) using quantum states. One representative example is quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-06 Xiaoqing Zhong , Feihu Xu , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Li Qian

Device-independent quantum information is attracting significant attention, particularly for its applications in information security. This interest arises because the security of device-independent protocols relies solely on the observed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Matteo Padovan , Alessandro Rezzi , Lorenzo Coccia

A quantum secure direct communication network scheme is proposed with quantum superdense coding and decoy photons. The servers on a passive optical network prepare and measure the quantum signal, i.e., a sequence of the $d$-dimensional Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Fu-Guo Deng , Xi-Han Li , Chun-Yan Li , Ping Zhou , Hong-Yu Zhou

Quantum communication aims to provide absolutely secure transmission of secret information. State-of-the-art methods encode symbols into single photons or coherent light with much less than one photon on average. For long distance…

Quantum dense coding (QDC) means to transmit two classical bits by only transferring one quantum bit, which has enabled high-capacity information transmission and strengthened system security. Continuousvariable QDC offers a promising…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-17 Shaocong Liang , Jialin Cheng , Jiliang Qin , Jiatong Li , Yi Shi , Zhihui Yan , Xiaojun Jia , Changde Xie , Kunchi Peng

Most of the quantum secure direct communication protocol needs a pre-established secure quantum channel. Only after insuring the security of quantum channel, could the sender encode the secret message and send them to the receiver through…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jian Wang , Quan Zhang , Chao-jing Tang

Device-independent quantum secret sharing (DI QSS) relaxes security assumptions of experimental devices to provide the highest security level for QSS. Previous DI QSS protocols require to generate multi-partite entangled states and then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Qi Zhang , Cheng Zhang , Wei Zhong , Ming-Ming Du , Lan Zhou , Yu-Bo Sheng