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LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) show promise on complex tasks but remain prone to coordination failures such as goal drift, error cascades, and misaligned behaviors. We propose Explicit Trait Inference (ETI), a psychologically grounded…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Suhaib Abdurahman , Etsuko Ishii , Katerina Margatina , Divya Bhargavi , Monica Sunkara , Yi Zhang

Prompt engineering is crucial for fully leveraging large language models (LLMs), yet most existing optimization methods follow a single trajectory, resulting in limited adaptability, gradient conflicts, and high computational overhead. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yichen Han , Yuhang Han , Siteng Huang , Guanyu Liu , Zhengpeng Zhou , Bojun Liu , Yujia Zhang , Isaac N Shi , Lewei He , Tianyu Shi

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable results across diverse downstream tasks, but their monolithic nature restricts scalability and efficiency in complex problem-solving. While recent research explores multi-agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yufan Dang , Chen Qian , Xueheng Luo , Jingru Fan , Zihao Xie , Ruijie Shi , Weize Chen , Cheng Yang , Xiaoyin Che , Ye Tian , Xuantang Xiong , Lei Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

To integrate high amounts of renewable energy resources, electrical power grids must be able to cope with high amplitude, fast timescale variations in power generation. Frequency regulation through demand response has the potential to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Vincent Mai , Philippe Maisonneuve , Tianyu Zhang , Hadi Nekoei , Liam Paull , Antoine Lesage-Landry

Multi-agent systems cooperation to achieve global goals is usually limited by sensing, actuation, and communication issues. At the local level, continuous measurement and actuation is only approximated by the use of digital mechanisms that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-18 Eloy Garcia , Yongcan Cao , David W. Casbeer

Large Language Model (LLM) agents demonstrate strong performance in autonomous code generation under loose specifications. However, production-grade software requires strict adherence to structural constraints, such as architectural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Francesco Dente , Dario Satriani , Paolo Papotti

New architectures and algorithms are needed to reflect the mixture of local and global information that is available as multi-agent systems connect over the cloud. We present a novel architecture for multi-agent coordination where the cloud…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-09-24 Matthew Hale , Magnus Egerstedt

Recent advanced LLM-powered agent systems have exhibited their remarkable capabilities in tackling complex, long-horizon tasks. Nevertheless, they still suffer from inherent limitations in resource efficiency, context management, and…

The emergence of large language models has enabled sophisticated multi-agent systems, yet coordinating their reasoning capabilities through prompt engineering remains challenging. We present a theoretically-grounded framework for dynamic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hassen Dhrif

Complex scheduling problems require a large amount computation power and innovative solution methods. The objective of this paper is the conception and implementation of a multi-agent system that is applicable in various problem domains.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Peter Hillmann , Tobias Uhlig , Gabi Dreo Rodosek , Oliver Rose

Large Language Model (LLM) multi-agent systems are increasingly deployed as interacting agent societies, yet scaling these systems often yields diminishing or unstable returns, the causes of which remain poorly understood. We present the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Kavana Venkatesh , Jiaming Cui

As multi-agent Large Language Model (LLM) systems scale, evaluating their emergent coordination dynamics becomes increasingly critical. However, current evaluation paradigms-focused on single agents or small, explicitly structured…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Brandon Yee , Pairie Koh

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in collaborative tasks involving multiple agents, forming an "AI agent society: where agents interact and influence one another. Whether such groups can spontaneously coordinate on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-04-16 Giordano De Marzo , Claudio Castellano , David Garcia

Individualized products and shorter product life cycles have driven companies to rethink traditional mass production. New concepts like Industry 4.0 foster the advent of decentralized production control and distribution of information. A…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Felix Gehlhoff , Alexander Fay

Emergent communication has made strides towards learning communication from scratch, but has focused primarily on protocols that resemble human language. In nature, multi-agent cooperation gives rise to a wide range of communication that…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Niko A. Grupen , Daniel D. Lee , Bart Selman

Bolstering multi-agent learning algorithms to tackle complex coordination and control tasks has been a long-standing challenge of on-going research. Numerous methods have been proposed to help reduce the effects of non-stationarity and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Austin Anhkhoi Nguyen

In edge computing systems, autonomous agents must make fast local decisions while competing for shared resources. Existing MARL methods often resume to centralized critics or frequent communication, which fail under limited observability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Andrea Fox , Francesco De Pellegrini , Eitan Altman

Multi-agent LLM systems fail in production at rates between 41% and 87%, mostly due to coordination defects rather than base-model capability. Existing responses split between cataloguing failure modes empirically and shipping declarative…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Maksym Nechepurenko , Pavel Shuvalov

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly coordinate in multi-agent systems, yet we lack an understanding of where and why cooperation failures may arise. In many real-world coordination problems, from knowledge sharing in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Advait Yadav , Sid Black , Oliver Sourbut

Multi-agent systems (MAS) have demonstrated significant effectiveness in addressing complex problems through coordinated collaboration among heterogeneous agents. However, real-world environments and task specifications are inherently…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Xinkui Zhao , Yifan Zhang , Sai Liu , Naibo Wang , Guanjie Cheng , Yueshen Xu , Chang Liu , Shuiguang Deng , Jianwei Yin