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We develop a direct debiased machine learning framework comprising Neyman targeted estimation and generalized Riesz regression. Our framework unifies Riesz regression for automatic debiased machine learning, covariate balancing, targeted…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-31 Masahiro Kato

Efficient estimation of causal and structural parameters can be automated using the Riesz representation theorem and debiased machine learning (DML). We present genriesz, an open-source Python package that implements automatic DML and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-20 Masahiro Kato

A variety of interesting parameters may depend on high dimensional regressions. Machine learning can be used to estimate such parameters. However estimators based on machine learners can be severely biased by regularization and/or model…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-18 Victor Chernozhukov , Whitney K. Newey , Victor Quintas-Martinez , Vasilis Syrgkanis

This note introduces a unified theory for causal inference that integrates Riesz regression, covariate balancing, density-ratio estimation (DRE), targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE), and the matching estimator in average treatment…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-31 Masahiro Kato

We provide adaptive inference methods, based on $\ell_1$ regularization, for regular (semi-parametric) and non-regular (nonparametric) linear functionals of the conditional expectation function. Examples of regular functionals include…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-25 Victor Chernozhukov , Whitney Newey , Rahul Singh

We propose ScoreMatchingRiesz, a family of Riesz representer estimators based on score matching. The Riesz representer is a key nuisance component in debiased machine learning, enabling $\sqrt{n}$-consistent and asymptotically efficient…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-02 Masahiro Kato

This position paper argues that, in debiased machine learning, balancing functions should be derived from the Neyman orthogonal score, not chosen only as functions of covariates. Covariate balancing is effective when the regression error…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-08 Masahiro Kato

The Riesz representer is a central object in semiparametric statistics and debiased/doubly-robust estimation. Two literatures in econometrics have highlighted the role for directly estimating Riesz representers: the automatic debiased…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-24 David Bruns-Smith

Many causal and policy effects of interest are defined by linear functionals of high-dimensional or non-parametric regression functions. $\sqrt{n}$-consistent and asymptotically normal estimation of the object of interest requires debiasing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Victor Chernozhukov , Whitney K. Newey , Victor Quintas-Martinez , Vasilis Syrgkanis

In this paper, we extend the Riesz representation framework to causal inference under sample selection, where both treatment assignment and outcome observability are non-random. Formulating the problem in terms of a Riesz representer…

Many causal parameters are linear functionals of an underlying regression. The Riesz representer is a key component in the asymptotic variance of a semiparametrically estimated linear functional. We propose an adversarial framework to…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-04-29 Victor Chernozhukov , Whitney Newey , Rahul Singh , Vasilis Syrgkanis

We extend the idea of automated debiased machine learning to the dynamic treatment regime and more generally to nested functionals. We show that the multiply robust formula for the dynamic treatment regime with discrete treatments can be…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-06-22 Victor Chernozhukov , Whitney Newey , Rahul Singh , Vasilis Syrgkanis

This study clarifies the relationship between Riesz regression [Chernozhukov et al., 2021] and density ratio estimation (DRE) in causal inference problems, such as average treatment effect estimation. We first show that the Riesz…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-25 Masahiro Kato

This study proves that Nearest Neighbor (NN) matching can be interpreted as an instance of Riesz regression for automatic debiased machine learning. Lin et al. (2023) shows that NN matching is an instance of density-ratio estimation with…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-29 Masahiro Kato

As research in causal inference has sought to address more complex scientific questions, the number of specialized estimands in the field has proliferated. Recognition that many of these estimands share a common linear form has generated…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-24 Salvador V. Balkus , Christian Testa , Nima S. Hejazi

Kernel balancing weights provide confidence intervals for average treatment effects, based on the idea of balancing covariates for the treated group and untreated group in feature space, often with ridge regularization. Previous works on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-08 Rahul Singh

The ratio of two probability density functions is a fundamental quantity that appears in many areas of statistics and machine learning, including causal inference, reinforcement learning, covariate shift, outlier detection, independence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-13 Oliver J. Hines , Caleb H. Miles

Statistical inferences for high-dimensional regression models have been extensively studied for their wide applications ranging from genomics, neuroscience, to economics. However, in practice, there are often potential unmeasured…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-12 Jing Ouyang , Kean Ming Tan , Gongjun Xu

We develop a unified framework for automatic debiased machine learning (autoDML) for inference on a broad class of statistical parameters. The framework applies to any smooth functional of a nonparametric M-estimand, defined as the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-23 Lars van der Laan , Aurelien Bibaut , Nathan Kallus , Alex Luedtke

Calibration weighting is a fundamental technique in survey sampling and data integration for incorporating auxiliary information and improving efficiency of estimators. Classical calibration methods are typically formulated through distance…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Jae Kwang Kim , Yonghyun Kwon , Yumou Qiu
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