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Miniaturized cyber-physical systems (CPSes) powered by tiny machine learning (TinyML), such as nano-drones, are becoming an increasingly attractive technology. Their small form factor (i.e., ~10cm diameter) ensures vast applicability,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Elia Cereda , Alessandro Giusti , Daniele Palossi

Nano quadcopters are small, agile, and cheap platforms that are well suited for deployment in narrow, cluttered environments. Due to their limited payload, these vehicles are highly constrained in processing power, rendering conventional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Rik J. Bouwmeester , Federico Paredes-Vallés , Guido C. H. E. de Croon

The miniaturisation of sensors and processors, the advancements in connected edge intelligence, and the exponential interest in Artificial Intelligence are boosting the affirmation of autonomous nano-size drones in the Internet of Robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Mattia Sartori , Chetna Singhal , Neelabhro Roy , Davide Brunelli , James Gross

Nano-size drones hold enormous potential to explore unknown and complex environments. Their small size makes them agile and safe for operation close to humans and allows them to navigate through narrow spaces. However, their tiny size and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Hanna Müller , Vlad Niculescu , Tommaso Polonelli , Michele Magno , Luca Benini

We present fully autonomous source seeking onboard a highly constrained nano quadcopter, by contributing application-specific system and observation feature design to enable inference of a deep-RL policy onboard a nano quadcopter. Our…

We introduce a benchmark for system identification based on 75k real-world samples from the Crazyflie 2.1 Brushless nano-quadrotor, a sub-50g aerial vehicle widely adopted in robotics research. The platform presents a challenging testbed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Riccardo Busetto , Elia Cereda , Marco Forgione , Gabriele Maroni , Dario Piga , Daniele Palossi

Existing aerial-robotics benchmarks target vehicles from hundreds of grams to several kilograms and typically expose only high-level state data. They omit the actuator-level signals required to study nano-scale quadrotors, where…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Syed Izzat Ullah , Jose Baca

Nano-quadcopters are versatile platforms attracting the interest of both academia and industry. Their tiny form factor, i.e., $\,$10 cm diameter, makes them particularly useful in narrow scenarios and harmless in human proximity. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Luca Crupi , Elia Cereda , Alessandro Giusti , Daniele Palossi

Palm-sized autonomous nano-drones, i.e., sub-50g in weight, recently entered the drone racing scenario, where they are tasked to avoid obstacles and navigate as fast as possible through gates. However, in contrast with their bigger…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Lorenzo Scarciglia , Antonio Paolillo , Daniele Palossi

Sub-30g nano-sized aerial robots can leverage their agility and form factor to autonomously explore cluttered and narrow environments, like in industrial inspection and search and rescue missions. However, the price for their tiny size is a…

Fully-autonomous miniaturized robots (e.g., drones), with artificial intelligence (AI) based visual navigation capabilities are extremely challenging drivers of Internet-of-Things edge intelligence capabilities. Visual navigation based on…

The Crazyflie quadcopter is widely recognized as a leading platform for nano-quadcopter research. In early 2025, the Crazyflie Brushless was introduced, featuring brushless motors that provide around 50% more thrust compared to the brushed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Alexander Gräfe , Christoph Scherer , Wolfgang Hönig , Sebastian Trimpe

Autonomous drone racing competitions are a proxy to improve unmanned aerial vehicles' perception, planning, and control skills. The recent emergence of autonomous nano-sized drone racing imposes new challenges, as their ~10cm form factor…

Nano-UAV teams offer great agility yet face severe navigation challenges due to constrained onboard sensing, communication, and computation. Existing approaches rely on high-resolution vision or compute-intensive planners, rendering them…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Darren Chiu , Zhehui Huang , Ruohai Ge , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

Standard-size autonomous navigation vehicles have rapidly improved thanks to the breakthroughs of deep learning. However, scaling autonomous driving to low-power systems deployed on dynamic environments poses several challenges that prevent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Miguel de Prado , Manuele Rusci , Romain Donze , Alessandro Capotondi , Serge Monnerat , Luca Benini and , Nuria Pazos

Sub-\SI{50}{\gram} nano-drones are gaining momentum in both academia and industry. Their most compelling applications rely on onboard deep learning models for perception despite severe hardware constraints (\ie sub-\SI{100}{\milli\watt}…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Elia Cereda , Manuele Rusci , Alessandro Giusti , Daniele Palossi

Relative drone-to-drone localization is a fundamental building block for any swarm operations. We address this task in the context of miniaturized nano-drones, i.e., 10cm in diameter, which show an ever-growing interest due to novel use…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Luca Crupi , Alessandro Giusti , Daniele Palossi

Autonomous nano-drones (~10 cm in diameter), thanks to their ultra-low power TinyML-based brains, are capable of coping with real-world environments. However, due to their simplified sensors and compute units, they are still far from the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Luca Crupi , Elia Cereda , Daniele Palossi

Running deep neural networks (DNNs) on tiny Micro-controller Units (MCUs) is challenging due to their limitations in computing, memory, and storage capacity. Fortunately, recent advances in both MCU hardware and machine learning software…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Michael Bechtel , QiTao Weng , Heechul Yun

Pocket-sized autonomous nano-drones can revolutionize many robotic use cases, such as visual inspection in narrow, constrained spaces, and ensure safer human-robot interaction due to their tiny form factor and weight -- i.e., tens of grams.…

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