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The finite element method (FEM) is a well-established numerical method for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, its mesh-based nature gives rise to substantial computational costs, especially for complex multiscale…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Weihang Ouyang , Yeonjong Shin , Si-Wei Liu , Lu Lu

The neural operator has emerged as a powerful tool in learning mappings between function spaces in PDEs. However, when faced with real-world physical data, which are often highly non-uniformly distributed, it is challenging to use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Songming Liu , Zhongkai Hao , Chengyang Ying , Hang Su , Ze Cheng , Jun Zhu

Neural operator learning directly constructs the mapping relationship from the equation parameter space to the solution space, enabling efficient direct inference in practical applications without the need for repeated solution of partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Heng Wu , Junjie Wang , Benzhuo Lu

Neural operators (NOs) provide a new paradigm for efficiently solving partial differential equations (PDEs), but their training depends on costly high-fidelity data from numerical solvers, limiting applications in complex systems. We…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Wen You , Shaoqian Zhou , Xuhui Meng

Solving high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) efficiently requires handling multi-scale features across varying resolutions. To address this challenge, we present the Multiwavelet-based Multigrid Neural Operator (M2NO), a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Zhihao Li , Zhilu Lai , Xiaobo Zhang , Wei Wang

Neural operators have emerged as promising surrogate models for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), but struggle to generalise beyond training distributions and are often constrained to a fixed temporal discretisation. This work…

Numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) plays a vital role in various fields of science and engineering. In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving PDEs, leveraging their…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Shuo Ling , Wenjun Ying , Zhen Zhang

We propose the *State Space Neural Operator* (SS-NO), a compact architecture for learning solution operators of time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). Our formulation extends structured state space models (SSMs) to joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Nodens Koren , Samuel Lanthaler

Data-driven methods have recently made great progress in the discovery of partial differential equations (PDEs) from spatial-temporal data. However, several challenges remain to be solved, including sparse noisy data, incomplete candidate…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-09-28 Hao Xu , Dongxiao Zhang , Junsheng Zeng

Elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) are a major class of time-independent PDEs that play a key role in many scientific and engineering domains such as fluid dynamics, plasma physics, and solid mechanics. Recently, neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Haixin Wang , Jiaxin Li , Anubhav Dwivedi , Kentaro Hara , Tailin Wu

Deep learning surrogate models have shown promise in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Among them, the Fourier neural operator (FNO) achieves good accuracy, and is significantly faster compared to numerical solvers, on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Zongyi Li , Daniel Zhengyu Huang , Burigede Liu , Anima Anandkumar

We present the Physics-Informed Low-Rank Neural Operator (PILNO), a neural operator framework for efficiently approximating solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs) on point cloud data. PILNO combines low-rank kernel…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Sebastian Schaffer , Lukas Exl

We propose a finite-element local basis-based operator learning framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Operator learning aims to approximate mappings from input functions to output functions, where the latter are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Zecheng Zhang , Hao Liu , Guosheng Fu , Hayden Schaeffer , Guang Lin

Partial differential equations (PDEs) play a fundamental role in modeling and simulating problems across a wide range of disciplines. Recent advances in deep learning have shown the great potential of physics-informed neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Pu Ren , Chengping Rao , Yang Liu , Jianxun Wang , Hao Sun

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are central to describing complex physical system simulations. Their expensive solution techniques have led to an increased interest in deep neural network based surrogates. However, the practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Jayesh K. Gupta , Johannes Brandstetter

We introduce a method that combines neural operators, physics-informed machine learning, and standard numerical methods for solving PDEs. The proposed approach extends each of the aforementioned methods and unifies them within a single…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Shahed Rezaei , Reza Najian Asl , Kianoosh Taghikhani , Ahmad Moeineddin , Michael Kaliske , Markus Apel

Numerical approximations of partial differential equations (PDEs) are routinely employed to formulate the solution of physics, engineering, and mathematical problems involving functions of several variables, such as the propagation of heat…

We propose the Factorized Fourier Neural Operator (F-FNO), a learning-based approach for simulating partial differential equations (PDEs). Starting from a recently proposed Fourier representation of flow fields, the F-FNO bridges the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Alasdair Tran , Alexander Mathews , Lexing Xie , Cheng Soon Ong

Interfacial dynamics underlie a wide range of phenomena, including phase transitions, microstructure coarsening, pattern formation, and thin-film growth, and are typically described by stiff, time-dependent nonlinear partial differential…

This work introduces the Wavelet-Laplace Neural Operator (WLNO), a novel neural operator that fuses Haar wavelet multi-scale spatial decomposition with the Laplace-domain pole-residue formulation of the Laplace Neural Operator (LNO). While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Muhammad Abid , Arth Sojitra , Omer San