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Privacy-preserving machine learning has become a key conundrum for multi-party artificial intelligence. Federated learning (FL) and Split Learning (SL) are two frameworks that enable collaborative learning while keeping the data private (on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Frédéric Berdoz , Abhishek Singh , Martin Jaggi , Ramesh Raskar

Machine unlearning is the process of removing the imprint left by specific data samples during the training of a machine learning model. AI developers, including those building personalized technologies, employ machine unlearning for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hanyu Duan , Yi Yang , Ahmed Abbasi , Kar Yan Tam

In recent years, Federated Unlearning (FU) has gained attention for addressing the removal of a client's influence from the global model in Federated Learning (FL) systems, thereby ensuring the ``right to be forgotten" (RTBF).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Ziyao Liu , Huanyi Ye , Yu Jiang , Jiyuan Shen , Jiale Guo , Ivan Tjuawinata , Kwok-Yan Lam

Unlearning the data observed during the training of a machine learning (ML) model is an important task that can play a pivotal role in fortifying the privacy and security of ML-based applications. This paper raises the following questions:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Ayush K Tarun , Vikram S Chundawat , Murari Mandal , Mohan Kankanhalli

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) offers a novel paradigm in machine learning, enabling distinct entities to train models cooperatively while maintaining data privacy. This method is particularly pertinent when entities possess datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Mengde Han , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Huan Huo , Wanlei Zhou

Privacy regulations require the erasure of data from deep learning models. This is a significant challenge that is amplified in Federated Learning, where data remains on clients, making full retraining or coordinated updates often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Antonio Balordi , Lorenzo Manini , Fabio Stella , Alessio Merlo

Machine unlearning offers a promising solution to privacy and safety concerns in large language models (LLMs) by selectively removing targeted knowledge while preserving utility. However, current methods are highly sensitive to downstream…

The increasing data privacy concerns in recommendation systems have made federated recommendations (FedRecs) attract more and more attention. Existing FedRecs mainly focus on how to effectively and securely learn personal interests and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Wei Yuan , Hongzhi Yin , Fangzhao Wu , Shijie Zhang , Tieke He , Hao Wang

Driven by privacy protection laws and regulations, unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) is gaining increasing attention. However, current research often neglects the interpretability of the unlearning process, particularly concerning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Xiaohua Feng , Yuyuan Li , Chengye Wang , Junlin Liu , Li Zhang , Chaochao Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) embed sensitive, human-generated data, prompting the need for unlearning methods. Although certified unlearning offers strong privacy guarantees, its restrictive assumptions make it unsuitable for LLMs, giving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Rongzhe Wei , Mufei Li , Mohsen Ghassemi , Eleonora Kreačić , Yifan Li , Xiang Yue , Bo Li , Vamsi K. Potluru , Pan Li , Eli Chien

Federated Learning is a promising paradigm for privacy-preserving collaborative model training. In practice, it is essential not only to continuously train the model to acquire new knowledge but also to guarantee old knowledge the right to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Zhengyi Zhong , Weidong Bao , Ji Wang , Shuai Zhang , Jingxuan Zhou , Lingjuan Lyu , Wei Yang Bryan Lim

Machine unlearning aims to remove specific information, e.g. sensitive or undesirable content, from large language models (LLMs) while preserving overall performance. We propose an inference-time unlearning algorithm that uses contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Vinith M. Suriyakumar , Ayush Sekhari , Ashia Wilson

This paper addresses the critical challenge of unlearning in Vertical Federated Learning (VFL), a setting that has received far less attention than its horizontal counterpart. Specifically, we propose the first method tailored to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Hanlin Gu , Hong Xi Tae , Lixin Fan , Chee Seng Chan

Noise-based certified machine unlearning currently faces a hard ceiling: the noise magnitude required to certify unlearning typically destroys model utility, particularly for large-scale deletion requests. While leveraging public data is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ahmed Mehdi Inane , Vincent Quirion , Gintare Karolina Dzugaite , Ioannis Mitliagkas

The increasing demand for privacy-preserving machine learning has spurred interest in federated unlearning, which enables the selective removal of data from models trained in federated systems. However, developing federated unlearning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yang Zhao , Jiaxi Yang , Yiling Tao , Lixu Wang , Xiaoxiao Li , Dusit Niyato , H. Vincent Poor

Modern privacy regulations have spurred the evolution of machine unlearning, a technique enabling a trained model to efficiently forget specific training data. In prior unlearning methods, the concept of "data forgetting" is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Zhenxing Niu , Haoxuan Ji , Yuyao Sun , Zheng Lin , Fei Gao , Yuhang Wang , Haichao Gao

Information removal or suppression in large language models (LLMs) is a desired functionality, useful in AI regulation, legal compliance, safety, and privacy. LLM unlearning methods aim to remove information on demand from LLMs. Current LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Debdeep Sanyal , Murari Mandal

Unlearning algorithms aim to remove deleted data's influence from trained models at a cost lower than full retraining. However, prior guarantees of unlearning in literature are flawed and don't protect the privacy of deleted records. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-15 Rishav Chourasia , Neil Shah

Identity-conditioned diffusion models enable high-quality and identity-consistent face generation, but they also raise severe privacy concerns, as models may continue to synthesize individuals despite their right to be forgotten. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jose Edgar Hernandez Cancino Estrada , Mauro Díaz Lupone , Žiga Emeršič , Vitomir Štruc , Peter Peer , Darian Tomašević

Machine unlearning aims to remove information derived from forgotten data while preserving that of the remaining dataset in a well-trained model. With the increasing emphasis on data privacy, several approaches to machine unlearning have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Shaofei Shen , Chenhao Zhang , Yawen Zhao , Alina Bialkowski , Weitong Tony Chen , Miao Xu