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Training machine learning models requires the storage of large datasets, which often contain sensitive or private data. Storing data is associated with a number of potential risks which increase over time, such as database breaches and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Aviraj Newatia , Michael Cooper , Viet Nguyen , Rahul G. Krishnan

Privacy concerns in LLMs have led to the rapidly growing need to enforce a data's "right to be forgotten". Machine unlearning addresses precisely this task, namely the removal of the influence of some specific data, i.e., the forget set,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Xingjian Zhao , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri , Malik Magdon-Ismail

With privacy legislation empowering the users with the right to be forgotten, it has become essential to make a model amenable for forgetting some of its training data. However, existing unlearning methods in the machine learning context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Anisa Halimi , Swanand Kadhe , Ambrish Rawat , Nathalie Baracaldo

As machine learning becomes a practice and commodity, numerous cloud-based services and frameworks are provided to help customers develop and deploy machine learning applications. While it is prevalent to outsource model training and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-16 Tianwei Zhang , Zecheng He , Ruby B. Lee

Machine Learning models thrive on vast datasets, continuously adapting to provide accurate predictions and recommendations. However, in an era dominated by privacy concerns, Machine Unlearning emerges as a transformative approach, enabling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Robert Dilworth

Recent advances in machine learning, particularly in Natural Language Processing (NLP), have produced powerful models trained on vast datasets. However, these models risk leaking sensitive information, raising privacy concerns. In response,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Haoyu Tang , Ye Liu , Xi Zhao , Xukai Liu , Yanghai Zhang , Kai Zhang , Xiaofang Zhou , Enhong Chen

Recently, the enactment of privacy regulations has promoted the rise of the machine unlearning paradigm. Existing studies of machine unlearning mainly focus on sample-wise unlearning, such that a learnt model will not expose user's privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Tao Guo , Song Guo , Jiewei Zhang , Wenchao Xu , Junxiao Wang

Machine unlearning is an emerging technique that aims to remove the influence of specific data from trained models, thereby enhancing privacy protection. However, recent research has uncovered critical privacy vulnerabilities, showing that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Lulu Xue , Shengshan Hu , Wei Lu , Ziqi Zhou , Yufei Song , Jianhong Cheng , Minghui Li , Yanjun Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang

In recent years, the notion of ``the right to be forgotten" (RTBF) has become a crucial aspect of data privacy for digital trust and AI safety, requiring the provision of mechanisms that support the removal of personal data of individuals…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Ziyao Liu , Yu Jiang , Jiyuan Shen , Minyi Peng , Kwok-Yan Lam , Xingliang Yuan , Xiaoning Liu

Neural networks unintentionally memorize training data, creating privacy risks in federated learning (FL) systems, such as inference and reconstruction attacks on sensitive data. To mitigate these risks and to comply with privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Van-Tuan Tran , Hong-Hanh Nguyen-Le , Quoc-Viet Pham

Machine Unlearning (MU) aims to selectively erase the influence of specific data points from pretrained models. However, most existing MU methods rely on the retain set to preserve model utility, which is often impractical due to privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xindi Fan , Jing Wu , Mingyi Zhou , Pengwei Liang , Mehrtash Harandi , Dinh Phung

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across various applications, privacy and copyright concerns have heightened the need for more effective LLM unlearning techniques. Many existing unlearning methods aim to suppress…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tomoya Yamashita , Akira Ito , Yuuki Yamanaka , Masanori Yamada , Takayuki Miura , Toshiki Shibahara

Machine unlearning (MU) aims to remove the influence of specific training samples from a well-trained model, a task of growing importance due to the ``right to be forgotten.'' The unlearned model should approach the retrained model, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xinwen Cheng , Zhehao Huang , Wenxin Zhou , Zhengbao He , Ruikai Yang , Yingwen Wu , Xiaolin Huang

In Federated Learning (FL), multiple clients collaboratively train a model without sharing raw data. This paradigm can be further enhanced by Differential Privacy (DP) to protect local data from information inference attacks and is thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Jianan Chen , Qin Hu , Fangtian Zhong , Yan Zhuang , Minghui Xu

The right to be forgotten is a fundamental principle of privacy-preserving regulations and extends to Machine Learning (ML) paradigms such as Federated Learning (FL). While FL enhances privacy by enabling collaborative model training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Alessio Mora , Carlo Mazzocca , Rebecca Montanari , Paolo Bellavista

Machine unlearning (MU) seeks to remove knowledge of specific data samples from trained models without the necessity for complete retraining, a task made challenging by the dual objectives of effective erasure of data and maintaining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Mark He Huang , Lin Geng Foo , Jun Liu

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative training of a machine learning (ML) model across multiple parties, facilitating the preservation of users' and institutions' privacy by maintaining data stored locally. Instead of centralizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Nicolò Romandini , Alessio Mora , Carlo Mazzocca , Rebecca Montanari , Paolo Bellavista

The right to be forgotten states that a data owner has the right to erase their data from an entity storing it. In the context of machine learning (ML), the right to be forgotten requires an ML model owner to remove the data owner's data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Min Chen , Zhikun Zhang , Tianhao Wang , Michael Backes , Mathias Humbert , Yang Zhang

Today, computer systems hold large amounts of personal data. Yet while such an abundance of data allows breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, and especially machine learning (ML), its existence can be a threat to user privacy, and it…

The growing demand for data privacy in Machine Learning (ML) applications has seen Machine Unlearning (MU) emerge as a critical area of research. As the `right to be forgotten' becomes regulated globally, it is increasingly important to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Sadia Qureshi , Thanveer Shaik , Xiaohui Tao , Haoran Xie , Lin Li , Jianming Yong , Xiaohua Jia